Indian Economy and Agriculture PYQ | UPSC GS III

2026

1. · Paper Q1 · 2026 · 10 marks · Solution

What do you mean by Digital Rupee? In this context, explain the working and progress of India's Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC).

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2. · Paper Q2 · 2026 · 10 marks · Solution

Examine the view that financial inclusion is an integral part of social and economic inclusion in a country like India. Also throw light on the usefulness of the RBI's Financial Inclusion Index.

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3. · Paper Q3 · 2026 · 10 marks · Solution

Describe the various Technology Missions initiated in Indian agriculture and examine their role in food security.

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4. · Paper Q4 · 2026 · 10 marks · Solution

Explain the factors responsible for inefficiency of agri-produce marketing. How does e-commerce help to reduce inefficiency of agri-produce marketing? Explain.

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5. · Paper Q5 · 2026 · 10 marks · Solution

Explain by giving two examples, how biotechnology has helped the Indian farmers in processing their perishable crops.

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6. · Paper Q6 · 2026 · 10 marks · Solution

Differentiate between a Fast Breeder Reactor (FBR) and a thermal nuclear reactor. In the context of first indigenously developed prototype FBR at Kalpakkam, explain the term 'criticality'. What are its implications for clean energy future of our country?

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7. · Paper Q11 · 2026 · 15 marks · Solution

Explain the key challenges for India's energy security. What measures do you suggest for ensuring energy security along with economic growth and sustainability?

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8. · Paper Q12 · 2026 · 15 marks · Solution

How are startups in India promoting entrepreneurship, innovation and employment? Discuss the global and domestic challenges in their working and suggest suitable measures to overcome these challenges.

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9. · Paper Q13 · 2026 · 15 marks · Solution

In which manner has Indian agriculture been transformed from food scarcity to food-surplus level? Describe the various government policies implemented for diversification of Indian agriculture.

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10. · Paper Q14 · 2026 · 15 marks · Solution

Discuss the different types of subsidies and supports provided by the Government of India to agricultural sector. Examine the related issues pertaining to Agreement on Agriculture of World Trade Organisation (WTO).

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11. · Paper Q15 · 2026 · 15 marks · Solution

Mention salient features of 'Mission Drishti'. Discuss the imaging techniques used in the satellite launched on 3rd May 2026. Why is it being considered world's first satellite of its kind?

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12. · Paper Q16 · 2026 · 15 marks · Solution

What is Agentic Artificial Intelligence (AI)? Explain its working. Describe its applications with suitable examples. Discuss the advantages, risks and challenges associated with agentic AI systems.

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13. · Paper Q17 · 2026 · 15 marks · Solution

What are the challenges to solid waste management in India? Discuss the governmental policy framework on solid waste management. Discuss the success/failure cases of Delhi and Indore cities highlighting the salient features of their solid waste management initiatives.

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2025

14. · Paper Q1 · 2025 · 10 marks · Solution

Distinguish between the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI) with special reference to India. Why is the IHDI considered a better indicator of inclusive growth?

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15. · Paper Q2 · 2025 · 10 marks · Solution

What are the challenges before the Indian economy when the world is moving away from free trade and multilateralism to protectionism and bilateralism? How can these challenges be met?

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16. · Paper Q3 · 2025 · 10 marks · Solution

Explain the factors influencing the decision of the farmers on the selection of high value crops in India.

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17. · Paper Q4 · 2025 · 10 marks · Solution

Elaborate the scope and significance of supply chain management of agricultural commodities in India.

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18. · Paper Q5 · 2025 · 10 marks · Solution

The fusion energy programme in India has steadily evolved over the past few decades. Mention India's contributions to the international fusion energy project - International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). What will be the implications of the success of this project for the future of global energy?

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19. · Paper Q6 · 2025 · 10 marks · Solution

How can India achieve energy independence through clean technology by 2047? How can biotechnology play a crucial role in this endeavour?

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20. · Paper Q11 · 2025 · 15 marks · Solution

Explain how the Fiscal Health Index (FHI) can be used as a tool for assessing the fiscal performance of states in India. In what way would it encourage the states to adopt prudent and sustainable fiscal policies?

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21. · Paper Q12 · 2025 · 15 marks · Solution

Discuss the rationale of the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme. What are its achievements? In what way can the functioning and outcomes of the scheme be improved?

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22. · Paper Q14 · 2025 · 15 marks · Solution

Examine the scope of the food processing industries in India. Elaborate the measures taken by the government in the food processing industries for generating employment opportunities.

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23. · Paper Q15 · 2025 · 15 marks · Solution

How does nanotechnology offer significant advancements in the field of agriculture? How can this technology help to uplift the socio-economic status of farmers?

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24. · Paper Q16 · 2025 · 15 marks · Solution

India aims to become a semiconductor manufacturing hub. What are the challenges faced by the semiconductor industry in India? Mention the salient features of the India Semiconductor Mission.

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25. · Paper Q20 · 2025 · 15 marks · Solution

Why is maritime security vital to protect India's sea trade? Discuss maritime and coastal security challenges and the way forward.

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2024

26. · Paper Q1 · 2024 · 10 marks · Solution

Examine the pattern and trend of public expenditure on Social Services in the post-reforms period in India. To what extent this has been in consonance with achieving the objective of inclusive growth?( ).

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27. · Paper Q2 · 2024 · 10 marks · Solution

What are the causes of persistent high food inflation in India? Comment on the effectiveness of the monetary policy of RBI to control this type of inflation.

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28. · Paper Q3 · 2024 · 10 marks · Solution

What were the factors responsible for the successful implementation of land reforms in some parts of the country? Elaborate.

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29. · Paper Q4 · 2024 · 10 marks · Solution

Explain the role of millets for ensuring health and nutritional security in India.

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30. · Paper Q5 · 2024 · 10 marks · Solution

What is the present world scenario of intellectual property rights with respect to life materials? Although, India is second in the world to file patents, still only a few have been commercialized. Explain the reasons behind this less commercialization.

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31. · Paper Q6 · 2024 · 10 marks · Solution

What is the technology being employed for electronic toll collection on highways. What are its advantages and limitations? What are the proposed changes that will make this process seamless? Would this transition carry any potential hazard?

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32. · Paper Q10 · 2024 · 10 marks · Solution

Describe the context and salient feature of Digital Personal Data Protection Act 2023.

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33. · Paper Q11 · 2024 · 15 marks · Solution

Discuss the merits and demerits of the four Labour Codes' in the context of labor market reforms in India. What has been the progress so far in this regard?

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34. · Paper Q12 · 2024 · 15 marks · Solution

What is the need for expanding the regional air connectivity in India? In this context, discuss the government's UDAN Scheme and its achievements.

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35. · Paper Q13 · 2024 · 15 marks · Solution

What are the major challenges faced by Indian irrigation system in recent times? State the measures taken by the government for efficient irrigation management.

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36. · Paper Q14 · 2024 · 15 marks · Solution

Elucidate the importance of buffer stocks for stabilizing agricultural prices in India. What are the challenges associated with the storage of buffer stock? Discuss.

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37. · Paper Q15 · 2024 · 15 marks · Solution

The world is facing an acute shortage of clean and safe alternative freshwater. What are the technologies which can solve this crisis? Briefly discuss any three such technologies, citing their key merits and demerits.

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38. · Paper Q16 · 2024 · 15 marks · Solution

what are asteroids? How real is the threat of them causing extinction of life? What strategies have been developed to prevent such a catastrophe?

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39. · Paper Q20 · 2024 · 15 marks · Solution

Social media and encrypting messaging services pose a serious security challenge. What measures have been adopted at various levels to address the security implications of social media? Also suggest any other remedies to address the problem.

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2023

40. · Paper Q1 · 2023 · 10 marks · Solution

Faster economic growth requires increased share of the manufacturing sector in GDP, particularly of MSMEs. Comment on the present policies of the Government in this regard.

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41. · Paper Q2 · 2023 · 10 marks · Solution

What is the status of digitalization in the Indian economy? Examine the problems faced in this regard and suggest improvements.

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42. · Paper Q3 · 2023 · 10 marks · Solution

How does e-Technology help farmers in production and marketing of agricultural produce? Explain it.

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43. · Paper Q4 · 2023 · 10 marks · Solution

State the objectives and measures of land reforms in India. Discuss how land ceiling policy on landholding can be considered as an effective reform under economic criteria.

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44. · Paper Q5 · 2023 · 10 marks · Solution

Introduce the concept of Artificial Intelligence (AI). How does AI help clinical diagnosis? Do you perceive any threat to privacy of the individual in the use of AI in the healthcare?

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45. · Paper Q6 · 2023 · 10 marks · Solution

Discuss several ways in which microorganisms can help in meeting the current fuel shortage.

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46. · Paper Q7 · 2023 · 10 marks · Solution

Dam failures are always catastrophic, especially on the downstream side, resulting in a colossal loss of life and property. Analyze the various causes of dam failures. Give two examples of large dam failures.

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47. · Paper Q11 · 2023 · 15 marks · Solution

Most of the unemployment in India is structural in nature. Examine the methodology adopted to compute unemployment in the country and suggest improvements.

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48. · Paper Q12 · 2023 · 15 marks · Solution

Distinguish between 'care economy' and 'monetized economy'. How can care economy be brought into monetized economy through women empowerment?

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49. · Paper Q13 · 2023 · 15 marks · Solution

Explain the changes in cropping pattern in India in the context of changes in consumption pattern and marketing conditions.

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50. · Paper Q14 · 2023 · 15 marks · Solution

What are the direct and indirect subsidies provided to farm sector in India? Discuss the issues raised by the World Trade Organization(WTP) in relation to agricultural subsidies.

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51. · Paper Q16 · 2023 · 15 marks · Solution

What is the main task of India's third mood mission which could not be achieved in its earlier mission? List the countries that have achieved this task. Introduce the subsystems in the spacecraft launched and explain the role of the 'Virtual Launch Control Centre' at the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre which contributed to the successful launch from Sriharikota.

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2022

52. · Paper Q1 · 2022 · 10 marks · Solution

Why is Public Private Partnership (PPP) required in infrastructural projects ? Examine the role of PPP model in the redevelopment of Railway Stations in India.

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53. · Paper Q2 · 2022 · 10 marks · Solution

Is inclusive growth possible under market economy ? State the significance of financial inclusion in achieving economic growth in India.

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54. · Paper Q3 · 2022 · 10 marks · Solution

What are the major challenges of Public Distribution System (PDS) in India ? How can it be made effective and transparent ?

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55. · Paper Q4 · 2022 · 10 marks · Solution

Elaborate the scope and significance of the food processing industry in India.

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56. · Paper Q5 · 2022 · 10 marks · Solution

The increase in life expectancy in the country has led to newer health challenges in the community. What are those challenges and what steps need to be taken to meet them ?

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57. · Paper Q7 · 2022 · 10 marks · Solution

Discuss in detail the photochemical smog emphasizing its formation, effects and mitigation. Explain the 1999 Gothenburg Protocol.

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58. · Paper Q8 · 2022 · 10 marks · Solution

Explain the mechanism and occurrence of cloudburst in the context of the Indian subcontinent. Discuss two recent examples.

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59. · Paper Q10 · 2022 · 10 marks · Solution

What are the maritime security challenges in India ? Discuss the organisational, technical and procedural initiatives taken to improve the maritime security.

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60. · Paper Q11 · 2022 · 15 marks · Solution

Economic growth in the recent past has been led by increase in labour activity." Explain this statement. Suggest the growth pattern that will lead to creation of more jobs without compromising labour productivity.

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61. · Paper Q12 · 2022 · 15 marks · Solution

Do you think India will meet 50 percent of its energy needs from renewable energy by 2030 ? Justify your answer. How will the shift of subsidies from fossil fuels to renewables help achieve the above objective ? Explain.

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62. · Paper Q13 · 2022 · 15 marks · Solution

What are the main bottlenecks in upstream and downstream process of marketing of agricultural products in India ?

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63. · Paper Q14 · 2022 · 15 marks · Solution

What is Integrated Farming System ? How is it helpful to small and marginal farmers in India ?

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64. · Paper Q15 · 2022 · 15 marks · Solution

Launched on 25th December, 2021, James Webb Space Telescope has been much in the news since then. What are its unique features which make it superior to its predecessor Space Telescopes ? What are the key goals of this mission ? What potential benefits does it hold for the human race?

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65. · Paper Q16 · 2022 · 15 marks · Solution

What is the basic principle behind vaccine development? How do vaccines work? What approaches were adopted by the Indian vaccine manufacturers to produce COVID-19 vaccines ?

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66. · Paper Q18 · 2022 · 15 marks · Solution

Explain the causes and effects of coastal erosion in India. What are the available coastal management techniques for combating the hazard ?

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2021

67. · Paper Q1 · 2021 · 10 marks · Solution

Explain the difference between computing methodology of India's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) before the year 2015 and after the year 2015.

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68. · Paper Q2 · 2021 · 10 marks · Solution

Distinguish between Capital Budget and Revenue Budget. Explain the components of both these Budgets.

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69. · Paper Q3 · 2021 · 10 marks · Solution

How did land reforms in some parts of the country help to improve the socio-economic conditions of marginal and small farmers ?

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70. · Paper Q4 · 2021 · 10 marks · Solution

How and to what extent would micro-irrigation help in solving India's water crisis ?

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71. · Paper Q5 · 2021 · 10 marks · Solution

How is S-400 air defence system technically superior to any other system presently available in the world?

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72. · Paper Q7 · 2021 · 10 marks · Solution

Describe the key points of the revised Global Air Quality Guidelines (AQGs) recently released by the World Health Organisation (WHO). How are these different from its last update in 2005? What changes in India's National Clean Air Programme are required to achieve these revised standards ?

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73. · Paper Q11 · 2021 · 15 marks · Solution

Do you agree that the Indian economy has recently experienced V- shapes recovery? Give reasons in support of your answer.

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74. · Paper Q12 · 2021 · 15 marks · Solution

"Investment in infrastructure is essential for more rapid and inclusive economic growth. "Discuss in the light of India's experience.

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75. · Paper Q13 · 2021 · 15 marks · Solution

What are the salient features of the National Food Security Act, 2013 ? How has the Food Security Bill helped in eliminating hunger and malnutrition in India?

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76. · Paper Q14 · 2021 · 15 marks · Solution

What are the present challenges before crop diversification? How do emerging technologies provide an opportunity for crop diversification?

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77. · Paper Q15 · 2021 · 15 marks · Solution

What are the research and developmental achievements in applied biotechnology/? How will these achievements help to uplift the poorer sections of the society?

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78. · Paper Q16 · 2021 · 15 marks · Solution

The Nobel Prize in Physics of 2014 was jointly awarded to Akasaki, Amano and Nakamura for the invention of Blue LEDs in 1990s. How has this invention impacted the everyday life of human beings ?

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79. · Paper Q18 · 2021 · 15 marks · Solution

Describe the various causes and the effects of landslides. Mention the important components of the National Landslide Risk Management Strategy.

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2020

80. · Paper Q1 · 2020 · 10 marks · Solution

Explain intra-generational and inter-generational issues of equity from the perspective of inclusive growth and sustainable development.

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81. · Paper Q2 · 2020 · 10 marks · Solution

Define potential GDP and explain its determinants. What are the factors that have been inhibiting India from realizing its potential GDP?

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82. · Paper Q3 · 2020 · 10 marks · Solution

What are the main constraints in transport and marketing of agricultural produce in India?

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83. · Paper Q4 · 2020 · 10 marks · Solution

What are the challenges and opportunities of food processing sector in the country? How can income of the farmers be substantially increased by encouraging food processing?

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84. · Paper Q5 · 2020 · 10 marks · Solution

What do you understand by nanotechnology and how is it helping in health sector?

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85. · Paper Q6 · 2020 · 10 marks · Solution

How is science interwoven deeply with our lives? What are the striking changes in agriculture triggered off by the science-based technologies?

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86. · Paper Q11 · 2020 · 15 marks · Solution

Explain the meaning of investment in an economy in terms of capital formation. Discuss the factors to be considered while designing a concession agreement between a public entity and a private entity.

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87. · Paper Q12 · 2020 · 15 marks · Solution

Explain the rationale behind the Goods and Services Tax (Compensation to States) Act of 2017. How has COVID-19 impacted the GST compensation fund and created new federal tensions?

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88. · Paper Q13 · 2020 · 15 marks · Solution

What are the major factors responsible for making rice-wheat system a success? In spite of this success how has this system become bane in India?

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89. · Paper Q14 · 2020 · 15 marks · Solution

Suggest measures to improve water storage and irrigation system to make its judicious use under depleting scenario.

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90. · Paper Q15 · 2020 · 15 marks · Solution

COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented devastation worldwide. However, technological advancements are being availed readily to win over the crisis. Give an account of how technology was sought to aid management of the pandemic.

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91. · Paper Q16 · 2020 · 15 marks · Solution

Describe the benefits of deriving electric energy from sunlight in contrast to the conventional energy generation. What are the initiatives offered by our Government for this purpose?

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92. · Paper Q17 · 2020 · 15 marks · Solution

What are the key features of the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) initiated by the Government of India?

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2019

93. · Paper Q1 · 2019 · 10 marks · Solution

Enumerate the indirect taxes which have been subsumed in the goods and services tax (GST) in India. Also, comment on the revenue implications of the GST introduced in India since July 2017.

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94. · Paper Q2 · 2019 · 10 marks · Solution

Do you agree with the view that steady GDP growth and low inflation have left the Indian economy in good shape? Give reasons in support of your arguments.

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95. · Paper Q3 · 2019 · 10 marks · Solution

How far is Integrated Farming System (IFS) helpful in sustaining agricultural production.

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96. · Paper Q4 · 2019 · 10 marks · Solution

Elaborate the impact of National Watershed Project in increasing agricultural production from water-stressed areas.

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97. · Paper Q5 · 2019 · 10 marks · Solution

How was India benefitted from the contributions of Sir M. Visvesvaraya and Dr. M. S. Swaminathan in the fields of water engineering and agricultural science respectively?

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98. · Paper Q6 · 2019 · 10 marks · Solution

What is India's plan to have its own space station and how will it benefit our space programme?

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99. · Paper Q11 · 2019 · 15 marks · Solution

It is argued that the strategy of inclusive growth is intended to meet the objectives of inclusiveness and sustainability together. Comment on this statement.

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100. · Paper Q12 · 2019 · 15 marks · Solution

The public expenditure management is a challenge to the Government of India in context of budget making during the post liberalization period. Clarify it.

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101. · Paper Q13 · 2019 · 15 marks · Solution

What are the reformative steps taken by the Government to make food grain distribution system more effective?

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102. · Paper Q14 · 2019 · 15 marks · Solution

Elaborate the policy taken by the Government of India to meet the challenges of the food processing sector.

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103. · Paper Q15 · 2019 · 15 marks · Solution

How is the Government of India protecting traditional knowledge of medicine from patenting by pharmaceutical companies?

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104. · Paper Q16 · 2019 · 15 marks · Solution

How can biotechnology help to improve the living standards of farmers?

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2018

105. · Paper Q1 · 2018 · 10 marks · Solution

"Access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy is the sine qua non to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)".Comment on the progress made in India in this regard. (150 Words, 10 Marks).

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106. · Paper Q2 · 2018 · 10 marks · Solution

Comment on the important changes introduced in respect of the Long term Capital Gains Tax (LCGT) and Dividend Distribution Tax (DDT) in the Union Budget for 2018-2019. (150 Words, 10 Marks).

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107. · Paper Q3 · 2018 · 10 marks · Solution

What do you mean by Minimum Support Price (MSP)? How will MSP rescue the farmers from the low income trap? (150 Words, 10 Marks).

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108. · Paper Q4 · 2018 · 10 marks · Solution

Examine the role of supermarkets in supply chain management of fruits, vegetables and food items. How do they eliminate number of intermediaries? (150 Words, 10 Marks).

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109. · Paper Q5 · 2018 · 10 marks · Solution

Discuss the work of 'Bose-Einstein Statistics' done by Prof. Satyendra Nath Bose and show how it revolutionized the field of Physics. (150 Words, 10 Marks).

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110. · Paper Q8 · 2018 · 10 marks · Solution

Sikkim is the first 'Organic State' in India. What are the ecological and economical benefits of Organic State? (150 Words, 10 Marks).

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111. · Paper Q9 · 2018 · 10 marks · Solution

The China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is viewed as a cardinal subset of China's larger 'One Belt One Road' initiative. Give a brief description of CPEC and enumerate the reasons why India has distanced itself from the same. (150 Words, 10 Marks).

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112. · Paper Q11 · 2018 · 15 marks · Solution

How are the principles followed by NITI Aayog different from those followed by the erstwhile planning commission in India?(250 Words, 15 Marks).

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113. · Paper Q12 · 2018 · 15 marks · Solution

How would the recent phenomena of protectionism and currency manipulations in world trade affect macroeconomic stability of India? (250 Words, 15 Marks).

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114. · Paper Q13 · 2018 · 15 marks · Solution

Assess the role of National Horticulture Mission (NHM) in boosting the production, productivity and income of horticulture farms. How far has it succeeded in increasing the income of farmers? (250 Words, 15 Marks).

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115. · Paper Q14 · 2018 · 15 marks · Solution

How has the emphasis on certain crops brought about changes in cropping patterns in recent past? Elaborate the emphasis on millets production and consumption. (250 Words, 15 Marks).

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116. · Paper Q15 · 2018 · 15 marks · Solution

Why is there so much activity in the field of biotechnology in our country? How has this activity benefitted the field of biopharma? (250 Words, 15 Marks).

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117. · Paper Q16 · 2018 · 15 marks · Solution

With growing energy needs should India keep on expanding its nuclear energy programme? Discuss the facts and fears associated with nuclear energy. (250 Words, 15 Marks).

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2017

118. · Paper Q1 · 2017 · 10 marks · Solution

Among several factors for India's potential growth, savings rate is the most effective one. Do you agree? What are the other factors available for growth potential?

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119. · Paper Q2 · 2017 · 10 marks · Solution

Account for the failure of manufacturing sector in achieving the goal of labour-intensive exports rather than capital-intensive exports. Suggest measures for more labour-intensive rather than capital-intensive exports.

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120. · Paper Q3 · 2017 · 10 marks · Solution

Examine the developments of Airports in India through Joint Ventures under Public-Private Partnership(PPP) model. What are the challenges faced by the authorities in this regard.

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121. · Paper Q4 · 2017 · 10 marks · Solution

Explain various types of revolutions, took place in Agriculture after Independence in India. How these revolutions have helped in poverty alleviation and food security in India?

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122. · Paper Q5 · 2017 · 10 marks · Solution

What are the reasons for poor acceptance of cost effective small processing unit? How the food processing unit will be helpful to uplift the socio-economic status of poor farmers?

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123. · Paper Q6 · 2017 · 10 marks · Solution

Stem cell therapy is gaining popularity in India to treat a wide variety of medical conditions including leukaemia, Thallessemia, damaged sornea and several burns. Describe briefly what stem cell therapy is and what advantages it has over other treatments?

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124. · Paper Q7 · 2017 · 10 marks · Solution

India has achieved remarkable successes in unmanned space missions including the Chandrayaan and Mars Orbitter Mission, but has not ventured into manned space mission, both in terms of technology and logistics? Explain critically.

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125. · Paper Q11 · 2017 · 15 marks · Solution

One of the intended objectives of Union Budget 2017-18 is to 'transform, energize and clean India'. Analyse the measures proposed in the Budget 2017-18 to achieve the objective.

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126. · Paper Q12 · 2017 · 15 marks · Solution

"Industrial growth rate has lagged behind in the overall growth of Gross-Domestic-Product(GDP) in the post-reform period" Give reasons. How far the recent changes is Industrial Policy are capable of increasing the industrial growth rate?

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127. · Paper Q13 · 2017 · 15 marks · Solution

What are the salient features of 'inclusive growth'? Has India been experiencing such a growth process? Analyze and suggest measures for inclusive growth.

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128. · Paper Q14 · 2017 · 15 marks · Solution

What are the major reasons for declining rice and wheat yield in the cropping system? How crop diversification is helpful to stabilize the yield of the crop in the system?

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129. · Paper Q15 · 2017 · 15 marks · Solution

How do subsidies affect the cropping pattern, crop diversity and economy of farmers? What is the significance of crop insurance, minimum support price and food processing for small and marginal farmers?

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130. · Paper Q16 · 2017 · 15 marks · Solution

Give an account of the growth and development of nuclear science and technology in India. What is the advantage of fast breeder reactor programme in India?

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131. · Paper Q18 · 2017 · 15 marks · Solution

On December 2004, tsumani brought havoc on 14 countries including India. Discuss the factors responsible for occurrence of Tsunami and its effects on life and economy. In the light of guidelines of NDMA (2010) describe the mechanisms for preparedness to reduce the risk during such events.

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132. · Paper Q19 · 2017 · 15 marks · Solution

Mob violence is emerging as a serious law and order problem in India. By giving suitable examples, analyze the causes and consequences of such violence.

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2016

133. · Paper Q1 · 2016 · 12 marks · Solution

How globalization has led to the reduction of employment in the formal sector of the Indian economy? Is increased informalization detrimental to the development of the country?

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134. · Paper Q2 · 2016 · 12 marks · Solution

Women empowerment in India needs gender budgeting. What are the requirements and status of gender budgeting in the Indian context?

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135. · Paper Q3 · 2016 · 12 marks · Solution

Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) is necessary for bringing unbanked to the institutional finance fold. Do you agree with this for financial inclusion of the poor section of the Indian society? Give arguments to justify your opinion.

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136. · Paper Q4 · 2016 · 12 marks · Solution

What are 'Smart Cities'? Examine their relevance for urban development in India. Will it increase rural-urban differences? Give arguments for 'Smart Villages' in the light of PURA and RURBAN Mission.

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137. · Paper Q5 · 2016 · 12 marks · Solution

Justify the need for FDI for the development of the Indian economy. Why there is gap between MOUs signed and actual FDIs? Suggest remedial steps to be taken for increasing actual FDIs in India.

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138. · Paper Q6 · 2016 · 12 marks · Solution

Comment on the challenges for inclusive growth which include careless and useless manpower in the Indian context. Suggest measures to be taken for facing these challenges.

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139. · Paper Q7 · 2016 · 12 marks · Solution

What is water-use efficiency? Describe the role of micro-irrigation in increasing the water-use efficiency.

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140. · Paper Q8 · 2016 · 12 marks · Solution

What is allelopathy? Discuss its role in major cropping systems of irrigated agriculture.

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141. · Paper Q9 · 2016 · 12 marks · Solution

Discuss the role of land reforms in agricultural development. Identify the factors that were responsible for the success of land reforms in India.

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142. · Paper Q10 · 2016 · 12 marks · Solution

Given the vulnerability of Indian agriculture to vagaries of nature, discuss the need for crop insurance and bring out the salient features of the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY).

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143. · Paper Q11 · 2016 · 12 marks · Solution

Give an account of the current status and the targets to be achieved pertaining to renewable energy sources in the country. Discuss in brief the importance of National Programme on Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs).

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144. · Paper Q12 · 2016 · 12 marks · Solution

Discuss India's achievements in the field of Space Science and Technology. How the application of this technology has helped India in its socio-economic development?

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145. · Paper Q13 · 2016 · 12 marks · Solution

Why is nanotechnology one of the key technologies of the 21st century? Describe the salient features of Indian Government's Mission on Nanoscience and Technology and the scope of its application in the development process of the country.

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146. · Paper Q20 · 2016 · 12 marks · Solution

Use of internet and social media by non-state actors for subversive activities is a major security concern. How have these been misused in the recent past? Suggest effective guidelines to curb the above threat.

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2015

147. · Paper Q1 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

The nature of economic growth in India in recent times is often described as a jobless growth. Do you agree with this view? Give arguments in favour of your answer.

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148. · Paper Q2 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

Livestock rearing has a big potential for providing non- farm employment and income in rural areas. Discuss suggesting suitable measures to promote this sector in India.

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149. · Paper Q3 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

In the view of the declining average size of land holdings in India which has made agriculture non - viable for a majority of farmers should contract farming and land leasing be promoted in agriculture? critically evaluate the pros and cons.

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150. · Paper Q4 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

How can the Digital India program help farmers to improve farm productivity and income? What step has the government taken in this regard?

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151. · Paper Q5 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

In what way could replacement of price subsidy with direct benefit Transfer (DBT) change the scenario of subsidies in India? Discuss.

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152. · Paper Q6 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

What are the impediments in marketing and supply chain management in developing the food processing industry in India? Can e-commerce help in overcoming this bottleneck?

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153. · Paper Q7 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

Craze for gold in Indian has led to surge in import of gold in recent years and put pressure on balance of payments and external value of rupee. In view of this, examine the merits of Gold Monetization scheme.

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154. · Paper Q8 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

"Success of make in India program depends on the success of Skill India programme and radical labour reforms." Discuss with logical arguments.

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155. · Paper Q9 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

To what factors can be the recent dramatic fall in equipment cost and tariff of solar energy be attributed? What implications does the trend have for thermal power producers and related industry?

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156. · Paper Q10 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

There is a clear acknowledgement that Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are a tool of industrial development, manufacturing and exports. Recognising this potential, the whole instrumentality of SEZs require augmentation. Discuss the issue plaguing the success of SEZs with respect to taxation, governing laws and administration.

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157. · Paper Q11 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

What do you understand by "Standard Positioning System" and "Precision positioning system" in the GPS era? Discuss the advantage India perceives from its ambitious IRNSS programme employing just seven satellites.

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158. · Paper Q12 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

What are the areas of prohibitive labour that can be sustainably managed by robots? Discuss the initiatives that can propel the research in premier research institutes for substantive and gainful innovation.

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159. · Paper Q13 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

Discuss the advantage and security implication of cloud hosting of servers vis-a-vis in house machine based hosting for government business.

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160. · Paper Q14 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

India's Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL) which has a database containing formatted information on more than 2 million medicinal formulations is proving a powerful weapon in country's fight against erroneous patents. Discuss the pro and cons of making the database available publicly available under open source licensing.

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161. · Paper Q15 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

Discuss the Namami Gange and National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) programmes and causes of mixed results from the previous schemes. What quantum leaps can help preserve the river Ganga better than incremental inputs?

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162. · Paper Q16 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

The frequency of earthquakes appears to have increased in the Indian subcontinent. However, India's preparedness for mitigating their impact has significant gaps. Discuss various aspects.

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163. · Paper Q17 · 2015 · 12 marks · Solution

Human right activists constantly highlight the fact that the Armed forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 (AFSPA) is a draconian act leading to cases of human right abuses by security forces. What sections of AFSPA are opposed by the activists. Critically evaluate the requirement with reference to the view held by Apex Court.

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