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Tarapore Committee, 1997 [Committee on Capital
Focus Areas Recommendations Preconditions Fiscal consolidation, in lation target, and strengthened ffinancial system for CAC were recommended as preconditions for Capital Account Convertibility (CAC). Exchange Rate Policy RBI to maintain a +/- 5% band around the neutral REER; intervene when REER is outside the band. Narrow Banks Convert weak banks into narrow banks, where resources are used only for government…
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Sharda Prasad Committee, 2016 [Report on Skill
Focus Areas Recommendations Separate Stream for Establish a separate stream in secondary education, create Vocational Vocational Schools/Colleges for upward mobility, and have a Central University for Education awarding degrees and diplomas. Industry- Vocational Education and Training (VET) should last at least one year Employer Engagement with an internship; industry-employer engagement is vital in all VET…
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Parthasarathi Shome Committee, 2014 [On Tax
Focus Areas Recommendations Taxpayer Services Establish a separate vertical for taxpayer services in each board. Binding Decision Ombudsman decisions on taxpayer grievances should be binding on tax of icers. Pre- illed Tax Returns Provide pre- illed tax returns to all individuals, with the option to accept or modify. Separate Dispute Set up a separate dispute management vertical for each board. Management Vertical…
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Narasimham Committee- I (1991)
IMPORTANT COMMITTEES, RECOMMENDATIONS 22 Four-tier Hierarchy: The Indian Banking System was proposed to have a four-tier hierarchy, with a few major public sector banks at the top and rural development banks for agricultural activities at the bottom. Quasi-Autonomous Body: A Quasi-Autonomous body under the supervision of the RBI would oversee the functioning of banks and ffinancial institutions.
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Narasimham Committee- II (1998)
Focus Areas Recommendations Merger of Banks Merge major public sector banks to enhance international trade, ensuring stronger banks don’t merge with weaker ones. Narrow Banking Implement Narrow Banking for banks with high NPAs, allowing them to invest in short term, low-risk assets. RBI as Regulator RBI should solely act as the regulator and not own any banks. Increase Review government ownership of banks to…
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P J Nayak Committee, 2014 [On Review of Governance
Focus Areas Recommendations Government’s Reduce the government’s stake in PSBs to below 50% to improve Stake Rationalisation ef iciency and governance. Administrative Separate the roles of chairman and managing director in PSBs to Reform improve accountability and transparency. Independent Strengthen the role of Independent Directors in PSBs, establish a Bank Directors Investment Company to hold Government Equity…
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K.V. Kamath Committee, 2020 [On Restructuring Of
Focus Areas Recommendations Graded Adopt a graded approach to restructure stressed accounts based on the severity of Approach impact on borrowers. Categorisation Banks should categorize accounts as mild, moderate, and severe based on the severity of stress. Fffinancial Banks should assess sector health using the following ive ffinancial parameters: - Parameters Total Outside Liabilities to Adjusted Tangible Net…
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P K Mohanty Committee, 2020 [On Private Sector
Focus Areas Recommendations Promoters of Banks Large corporates and industrial houses should be allowed as promoters of banks once the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 is amended. This aims to prevent connected lending and unfair loans to promoters. Criteria for NBFCs can convert to banks if they have: - Asset size of Rs. 50,000 crore+ - Conversion to Banks 10 years of operations - Due diligence and compliance met.…
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N. S. Viswanathan Committee, 2021 [On Urban
Focus Areas Recommendations Four-tier Implement a four-tier structure for urban cooperative banks (UCBs) based on Structure deposits size and capital availability. UCB Allow large UCBs to operate like small inance banks (SFBs) and universal banks. Operations Tier-3 UCBs Tier-3 UCBs (deposits of INR 1,000 crore to INR 10,000 crore) should operate like SFBs with a 15% Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). Tier-4 UCBs Tier-4…
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Usha Thorat Committee, 2011 [On Issues and Concerns
Focus Areas Recommendations Fffinancial Increase capital norms to 12% for NBFCs, align asset classi ication and Regulatory Norms provisioning with banks, and set a minimum asset size of over 50 crore for new NBFCs. Simpli ication Simplify regulations: RBI approval required for 25%+ shareholding changes, of Regulations and tax deductions on provisions. Liquidity Ratio Introduce a liquidity ratio to cover gaps between…
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Urjit Patel Committee, 2014: On Monetary Policy
Focus Areas Recommendations In lation RBI should anchor Monetary Policy to the Headline CPI with a 4% in lation Targeting target for a two-year horizon, within a band of ±2%. Fiscal De icit Reduce the Fiscal De icit to 3% of GDP by 2016-17, and eliminate administered prices, wages, and interest rates to improve monetary policy transmission. Monetary MPC should consist of the RBI Governor, Deputy Governor, Executive…
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Sunil Mehta Committee, 2018: On Stressed Assets of
Long-Term Capital and Governance: The resolution process suggested by the committee will also bring in credible long-term external capital to limit the burden on the domestic banking sector while ensuring robust governance and credit architecture to prevent a similar build-up of non-performing loans in the future. IMPORTANT COMMITTEES, RECOMMENDATIONS 26
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Bimal Jalan Committee, 2019 [For Reviewing the
The Committee reviewed the reserves, risk provisions, and risk buffers maintained by RBI and recommended their continuation. Focus Areas Recommendations Realised Maintain realised equity within 6.5% to 5.5% of the RBI’s balance sheet to cover Equity credit and operational risks. Surplus Surplus will be transferred to the Government only if realised equity exceeds the Distribution required level. If below the lower…
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Committee/recommendation for UPSC Mains revision
Focus Areas Recommendations Issues with the Fragmented Data: Data is fragmented across entities, e.g., borrowings from current Credit banks, inter corporate borrowings, etc., not available in a single repository. Information Reliance on Self-disclosure: Borrowers disclose income, assets, and liabilities, Infrastructure: which may not be accurate or comprehensive. Cross-Validation: Data needs to be cross-validated…
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Nandan Nilekani Panel, 2019 [Deepening of Digital
Focus Areas Recommendations Targets for Achieve: a. 10 fold increase in per capita digital transactions (22.4 to 220) b. Digital Payments Double digital transactions as % of GDP (769% to 1500%) c. Triple digital payment users (10 crore to 30 crore) in 3 years. Merchant Subsidise MDR and reduce interchange fees on card payments by 15 bps to Discount Rate incentivise digital payments. Import Duties Remove import…
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Ratan Watal Panel, 2016 [Committee on Digital
Focus Areas Recommendations Medium-term Strategy Develop a medium-term strategy to accelerate Digital Payments growth with a regulatory regime. Digital Divide Bridge the digital divide by promoting competition, open access, and interoperability in payments. Inclusive Include ffinancially and socially excluded groups, integrate emerging technologies, and ensure the security of digital transactions. Level Playing…
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G. N. Bajpai Committee, 2021 [Development of
International Fffinancial Services Centre] Focus Areas Recommendations Aircraft Leasing and IFSCA has developed an ecosystem for Aircraft Leasing and Financing, Financing which can be used to develop an Aviation Insurance Hub and Trade Credit Insurance at IFSC, and similar platforms for the shipping industry. Captive International Fffinancial Services Centre (IFSCA) should create a framework Insurance Model to…
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R. N. Malhotra Committee, 1993 [On Reforms in
Focus Areas Recommendations Private Players Include private players in the insurance sector. Foreign Allow foreign companies to enter the insurance sector, preferably Companies Participation through joint ventures with Indian partners. Autonomous Body Constitute the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) as an autonomous body to regulate and develop the insurance sector. Enhance IRDA’s key objectives…
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Committee/recommendation for UPSC Mains revision
ACT) Review] Focus Areas Recommendations Debt as the Use debt as the primary target for iscal policy. Primary Target Targeted Debt to Target a Debt to GDP ratio of 60%, with a 40% limit for the Centre and 20% GDP Ratio for States, to be achieved by 2023. Autonomous Establish an Autonomous Fiscal Council with a Chairperson and two Fiscal Council members appointed by the Centre to:; Prepare multi-year iscal forecasts…
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Mahesh Kumar Jain Review Committee, 2019 [On
Focus Areas Recommendations DBT Distribute subsidies directly to farmers’ accounts through Direct Bene it Transfer (DBT) for ef iciency and transparency. Subsidies Reduce subsidies on electricity and fertiliser, as they are unsustainable and do not yield desired benefits to farmers. Information Systems Strengthen information systems to aid better decision-making for policymakers and farmers. Technology Use…
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Shanta Kumar Committee, 2014 [High Level Committee
Corporation of India (FCI)] Focus Areas Recommendations Procurement FCI should transfer procurement operations of wheat, paddy, and rice to states Operations with sufficient experience and infrastructure. Review Review the coverage of 67% of the population, allocation of 5 kg per person, and frozen central issue prices for three years (rice/wheat/coarse cereals). Outsourcing FCI should outsource stocking operations…
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Beekeeping Development Committee, 2019 [Under the
Advancing Beekeeping in India] Focus Areas Recommendations Recognition Recognize honeybees as agricultural inputs and landless beekeepers as farmers. Women Plant bee-friendly lora and engage women self-help groups in managing Engagement these plantations. National Institutionalize the National Bee Board, rename it as the Honey and Pollinators Bee Board Board of India under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’…
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Standing Committee Report on Fisheries, Animal
The Standing Committee on Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, chaired by Mr. P.C. Gaddigoudar, presented its report on ‘Employment Generation and Revenue Earning Potential of the Fisheries Sector’. Committee’s observations and recommendations are as follows:; Employment Generation in Fisheries: Fisheries offer diverse job opportunities, with the PM Matsya Sampada Yojana aiming to create 55 lakh jobs by…
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Ramesh Chandra Committee, 2018 [On Integration of
Market] Focus Areas Recommendations Reforms Amend the APMC Act to improve agricultural market ef iciency, integrating farm-level production with end-uses (Model APLM Act, 2017). Multiple Modes of Selling Allow multiple selling modes and remove restrictions on selling only through recognized APMCs. Farmers’ Form FPOs/cooperatives to enhance farmers’ bargaining power. Producers Organizations IMPORTANT COMMITTEES…
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T Haque Committee, 2017 [Expert Committee on Land
Observations Legal Bans Most states have either legally banned or imposed restrictions on and Restrictions agricultural land leasing. Informal Legal bans or restrictions on land leasing have led to informal tenancy across Tenancy the country, affecting the productivity of land cultivated by informal tenants. Recommendations Legalisation of Land Legalising land leasing will make more land available for landless and…
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Bimal Jalan Committee, 2010 [Market Infrastructure
Focus Areas Recommendations Systemic Importance MIIs (stock exchanges, depositories, clearing corporations) are systemically important, and their failure could lead to major economic collapse. Regulatory Support MIIs should reduce regulatory burdens by supporting the market regulator. Public Utility MIIs, considered public utilities, should generate only reasonable pro its, vs. Pro it Orientation with a cap on…
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Kirit Parikh Committee, 2022 [On Fair pricing of
Focus Areas Recommendations Price Introduce a loor and ceiling price for gas from legacy ields, with complete Liberalisation pricing freedom starting January 1, 2026. State Producers ONGC and Oil India Ltd. will receive a price linked to imported oil, with a loor price of $4/ million British thermal unit (mBtu) and a ceiling price of $6.5/mBtu. Unified Tax Include natural gas in the GST regime by subsuming excise…
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Atanu Chakraborty Panel, 2019 [On National
Focus Areas Recommendations Capital Plan Rs 111 lakh crore capital investments over six years (FY25), with Investment Roadmap 71% allocated to energy, roads, urban development, and railways, involving private investors. IMPORTANT COMMITTEES, RECOMMENDATIONS 34 Market and Deepen corporate bond markets (including municipal bonds), set up Fffinancial Reforms development ffinancial institutions, and accelerate…
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Kris Gopalakrishnan Committee, 2020 [On Various
Focus Areas Recommendations Classi ication Classify data into: - Public (generated by government) - Community (sourced from individuals) - Private (generated by private entities). Privacy Address privacy concerns regarding the re-identification of anonymized personal Concerns data to prevent harm from such processing. Data Establish ‘data business’ as a new category. Entities (including government agencies) Business…
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S. Sunder Committee, 2007 [Road Safety and Traf ic
Focus Areas Recommendations Creation of National Road Safety Establish an Apex body through an Act of Parliament to & Traf ic Management Board promote road safety and traf ic management, with advisory and regulatory functions. State Road Safety Set up State-level Road Safety Boards to advise state Boards governments on road safety and traf ic management. Road Safety Fund Allocate 1% of cess proceeds on diesel and…
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Bibek Debroy Committee, 2012 [For Restructuring of
Focus Areas Recommendations Role Separation Separate policy-making, regulation, and operations to ensure sustainable private sector participation. Regulatory Establish an independent Railways Regulatory Authority as a statutory body Authority with its own budget, independent of the Ministry. Reduce Non- Reduce railway engagement in peripheral activities like running schools, core Activities hospitals, and a police…
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Standing Committee Report on Development and
The Standing Committee on Transport, Tourism, and Culture, chaired by Mr. V. Vijayasai Reddy, presented its report on ‘Development and Expansion of Existing and New National Inland Waterways’ on September 21, 2023. It’s key indings and recommendations: 1. Operationalisation of National Waterways; Key Issue: Out of 111 noti ied national waterways, only 23 are operational. Fffinancial and staf ing constraints hinder…
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Arjun Sengupta Committee, 2005 [On Central Public
Focus Areas Recommendations Empowerment Empower holding companies to transfer assets, loat fresh equity, and divest of Companies shareholding in subsidiaries with conditions. Selecting Chief Executive of CPSE to be a member of the Search Committee for Independent selecting Independent Directors for CPSE Board. Directors IMPORTANT COMMITTEES, RECOMMENDATIONS 37 Non-Accepted Government rejected AGE recommendations on…
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U K Sinha Panel, 2019 [On MSME]
Focus Areas Recommendations De inition of Adjust definition criteria regularly to re lect the changing economic Criteria scenario, and delegate MSME classi ication power to the Executive. Legislation Create comprehensive and holistic MSME legislation. Payments Ensure timely payments to MSEs, and make it mandatory for and Procurement PSUs/Government Departments to procure 25% from MSEs via the GeM portal. Role of…
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Baba Kalyani Committee, 2018 [On Special Economic
Focus Areas Recommendations Framework Shift focus from export growth to broad-based employment and economic Shift growth through Employment and Economic Enclaves (3Es). MSMEs Promote MSME participation in 3Es and enable manufacturing service players to locate in 3Es. Rules Formulate separate rules and procedures for manufacturing and service SEZs. Ecosystem Enhance competitiveness by developing ecosystems through…
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T K Viswanathan Committee, 2018 [On Fair Market
Focus Areas Recommendations Fraudulent Consider Benami trading and trading beyond known ffinancial resources as Activity fraudulent activities. Regulatory Broaden the scope of fraud regulations to cover not only intermediaries but Changes also their employees and agents. Whistle- Grant SEBI authority to provide immunity to whistle-blowers who expose Blower Immunity illegal activities. Preventive Empower SEBI to tap…