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Mains Prelims
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Syllabus-wise PYQ

Sociology Paper 1

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Fundamentals of Sociology

  1. 1 Sociology — The Discipline: Modernity and social changes in Europe and emergence of sociology; Scope of the subject and comparison with other social sciences; Sociology and common sense. 103 PYQs
  2. 2 Sociology as Science: Science, scientific method and critique; Major theoretical strands of research methodology; Positivism and its critique; Fact value and objectivity; Non-positivist methodologies. 24 PYQs
  3. 3 Research Methods and Analysis: Qualitative and quantitative methods; Techniques of data collection; Variables, sampling, hypothesis, reliability and validity. 13 PYQs
  4. 4 Sociological Thinkers: Karl Marx — Historical materialism, mode of production, alienation, class struggle; Emile Durkheim — Division of labour, social fact, suicide, religion and society; Max Weber — Social action, ideal types, authority, bureaucracy, protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism; Talcott Parsons — Social system, pattern variables; Robert K. Merton — Latent and manifest functions, conformity and deviance, reference groups; Mead — Self and identity. 61 PYQs
  5. 5 Stratification and Mobility: Concepts — equality, inequality, hierarchy, exclusion, poverty and deprivation; Theories of social stratification — Structural functionalist, Marxist, Weberian; Dimensions — Class, status groups, gender, ethnicity and race; Social mobility — open and closed systems, types, sources and causes. 25 PYQs
  6. 6 Works and Economic Life: Social organization of work in different types of society; Formal and informal organization of work; Labour and society. 13 PYQs
  7. 7 Politics and Society: Sociological theories of power; Power elite, bureaucracy, pressure groups, and political parties; Nation, state, citizenship, democracy, civil society, ideology; Protest, agitation, social movements, collective action, revolution. 24 PYQs
  8. 8 Religion and Society: Sociological theories of religion; Types of religious practices: animism, monism, pluralism, sects, cults; Religion in modern society: religion and science, secularization, religious revivalism, fundamentalism. 12 PYQs
  9. 9 Systems of Kinship: Family, household, marriage; Types and forms of family; Lineage and descent; Patriarchy and sexual division of labour; Contemporary trends. 10 PYQs
  10. 10 Social Change in Modern Society: Sociological theories of social change; Development and dependency; Agents of social change; Education and social change; Science, technology and social change. 23 PYQs