Q15 · UPSC Civil Services Mains 2026 · GS III · 15 marks · 2 min read

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Mention salient features of 'Mission Drishti'. Discuss the imaging techniques used in the satellite launched on 3rd May 2026. Why is it being considered world's first satellite of its kind?

Page facts
Exam
Union Public Service Commission — Civil Services Examination (UPSC)
Board
UPSC
Stage
Mains
Year
2026
Paper
UPSC Mains — General Studies Paper III (GS III)
Question
Q15
Marks
15
Topic
Indian Economy
Syllabus
Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment.

Topic: Indian Economy. Syllabus: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and employment. Same official PYQ from year-wise 2026 and Indian Economy.

Revision summary

Mission Drishti represents a major leap in India's space-based Earth observation capabilities, launched on 3rd May 2026. The mission employs advanced multi-spectral and hyperspectral imaging techniques to capture high-resolution data across various atmospheric and terrestrial layers. It is hailed as a global first due to its unique integration of real-time onboard edge computing with quantum encryption for secure data transmission. The satellite significantly enhances resource management, disaster response, and strategic surveillance. It aligns with India's policy of leveraging space technology for sustainable development and national security.

Model answer

Copper italics in this answer — like this — are the key facts. Each one is unpacked in the Facts & figures rail.

Introduction

Mission Drishti marks a transformative milestone in India's Earth observation architecture, combining cutting-edge remote sensing with advanced onboard processing. Launched on 3rd May 2026, the mission pushes the boundaries of satellite utility for both civilian resource mapping and strategic applications.

Body

Salient Features of Mission Drishti

  • High-Resolution Payload: Equipped with advanced optical sensors capable of sub-meter spatial resolution for detailed urban and rural mapping.
  • All-Weather Capability: Utilizes synthetic aperture radar alongside optical payloads to ensure uninterrupted observation regardless of cloud cover.
  • Rapid Revisit Rate: Designed in a constellation framework to drastically reduce revisit times over the Indian Ocean Region and mainland.

Advanced Imaging Techniques

  • Hyperspectral Imaging: Captures narrow contiguous spectral bands to identify specific mineral compositions, vegetation health, and water pollutants.
  • Thermal Infrared Sensors: Measures land and water surface temperatures with high precision to support agriculture and disaster tracking.
  • Onboard Processing: Employs AI-driven edge computing to filter raw data in space, transmitting only actionable insights to ground stations.

Global Uniqueness and Innovation

  • Quantum-Secured Downlink: First satellite globally to integrate quantum key distribution for tamper-proof data transmission.
  • Autonomous Target Acquisition: Features dynamic sensor steering that allows the satellite to detect and track fast-moving events without human intervention.
  • Civil-Military Synergy: Dual-use architecture optimized simultaneously for climate monitoring and border surveillance.

Flow diagram

flowchart TD
A[Mission Drishti Launch] --> B[Hyperspectral Payload]
A --> C[Thermal Infrared]
B --> D[Onboard AI Processing]
C[C] --> D[D]
D --> E[Quantum-Secured Downlink]
E --> F[Real-Time Actionable Data]

Conclusion

Mission Drishti redefines the benchmarks of Earth observation through its fusion of high-fidelity imaging and autonomous processing. By setting a global standard in secure and intelligent space payloads, it strengthens India's technological leadership. The mission bridges critical gaps in resource governance and national security, fulfilling the vision of self-reliance in high-tech domains.

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