1. · Paper Q7 · 2026 · 10 marks · Solution Discuss how the contradiction between 'rapid infrastructure development' and 'disaster-risk reduction' in ecologically-sensitive areas of India can be managed, with suitable examples. View answer → Download PDF
2. · Paper Q18 · 2026 · 15 marks · Solution "Community participation is the cornerstone of effective disaster management." Analyse this statement with suitable examples from India. Also discuss the challenges to community participation and measures to strengthen it. View answer → Download PDF
3. · Paper Q17 · 2024 · 15 marks · Solution What is disaster resilience? How is it determined? Describe various elements of a resilience framework. Also mention the global targets of Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015-2030). View answer → Download PDF
4. · Paper Q18 · 2024 · 15 marks · Solution Flooding in urban areas is an emerging climate-induced disaster. Discuss the causes of this disaster. Mention the features of two such major floods in the last two decades in India. Describe the policies and frameworks in India that aim at tackling such floods. View answer → Download PDF
5. · Paper Q8 · 2021 · 10 marks · Solution Discuss about the vulnerability of India to earthquake related hazards. Give examples including the salient features of major disasters caused by earthquakes in different parts of India during the last three decades. View answer → Download PDF
6. · Paper Q18 · 2020 · 15 marks · Solution Discuss the recent measures initiated in disaster management by the Government of India departing from the earlier reactive approach. View answer → Download PDF
7. · Paper Q8 · 2019 · 10 marks · Solution Vulnerability is an essential element for defining disaster impacts and its threat to people. How and in what ways can vulnerability to disasters be characterized? Discuss different types of vulnerability with reference to disasters. View answer → Download PDF
8. · Paper Q18 · 2019 · 15 marks · Solution Disaster preparedness is the first step in any disaster management process. Explain how hazard zonation mapping will help disaster mitigation in the case of landslides. View answer → Download PDF
9. · Paper Q18 · 2018 · 15 marks · Solution Describe various measures taken in India for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) before and after signing 'Sendai Framework for DRR (2015-2030)'. How is this framework different from 'Hyogo Framework for Action, 2005'? (250 Words, 15 Marks). View answer → Download PDF
10. · Paper Q16 · 2016 · 12 marks · Solution With reference to National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) guidelines, discuss the measures to be adopted to mitigate the impact of recent incidents of cloudbursts in many places of Uttarakhand. View answer → Download PDF
