2.11 NGO
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Case Studies Pratham
Conducts ASER surveys assessing educational outcomes; data used to improve school policies; PETA: Advocates for animal rights; sometimes clashes with cultural groups (e.g., over Jallikattu)
2.12 Role Of Shgs and Civil Society Organisations
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Bank Linkages
50,548 Bank Sakhis strengthened SHG-bank linkage.; Credit Mobilization: SHGs accessed ₹12.18 lakh crore institutional bank credit since 2013–14.; Economic Impact: Impact assessment found ~19% rise in income and ~28% increase in savings among member households.
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Civil Society Organizations (Csos)
Covid-19 Efforts; During the 2020 lockdown, CSOs provided meals to around 84 lakh individuals.; In nine states and union territories, CSOs delivered more than 75% of meals distributed.
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Legal & Institutional Framework Constitutional
Article 19(1)(c) (freedom of association); Article 43 (state promotion of self-help).; Registration Laws: Governed by Societies Registration Act, 1860.; Regulatory Acts: Include FCRA (2010), FEMA (1999), Companies Act (Section 8).
2.7 NGOs
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S. Vijay Kumar Committee, 2017
On Regulation of NGOs
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PYQ where these recommendations can be quoted
Q. Do you agree with the view that increasing dependence on donor agencies for development reduces the importance of community participation in the development process? Justify your answer. (2022, GS-II)
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NGOs
IMPORTANT COMMITTEES, RECOMMENDATIONS 19
Facts and figures for this syllabus heading.