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Definition
1. “Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development”
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Thinkers
Kinship Studies in India – Irawati Karve
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Definition
Folklore: Oraons linked themselves with Hanuman Ji, their name derived from “O-Ram.”
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Thinkers
Kinship Studies in India – Irawati Karve Andre Béteille – Studies in Agrarian Social Structure
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Definition
Drives cycle of suffering until Moksha is attained.
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Example / case study
over-consumption of resources → karma teaches restraint.
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Thinkers
Kinship Studies in India – Irawati Karve: “Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development”.
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Definition
1. “Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development”
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Example / case study
even Brahmins of Maharashtra showed diversity, not homogeneity.
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Definition
1. “Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development”
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Example / case study
Herbert Risley: Racial theory of caste; The People of India. Thurston: Castes & Tribes of Southern India. Beginning: Institutionalisation of anthropology (Dept. of Anthropology, Calcutta University – 1920). Nature: Empirical fieldwork, study of social institutions.
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Thinkers
Kinship Studies in India – Irawati Karve
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Definition
1. “Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development”
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Example / case study
even Brahmins of Maharashtra showed diversity, not homogeneity.
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Definition
Shift: From tribal to village studies.
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Thinkers
Iravati Karve – Caste, kinship, family.: Analytical Phase (1950–1990). 4. Evaluative Phase (1990–Present) (not Vidyarthi’s original) Christophe Jaffrelot — two-step rise of Hindu nationalism: stigmatise an ‘other’ as a common enemy; then unify Hindus across caste, class and region.
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Definition
Lingayat Rajas (till 1830) replaced by British.
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Example / case study
Satrol Khap → First to allow inter-caste marriage. Boora Khap → anti-dowry & marriage expenditure minimum. Narwal Khap → helpline vs child marriage, feticide & gender violence. 👉 Despite liberal steps(women akhadas, fund for athletics), male dominance persists → Khap = tradition + modernity mix.
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Thinkers
Yogendra Singh – Sanskritization = cultural camouflage for caste conflict.
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Definition
Blend of tradition + modernity.
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Example / case study
Satrol Khap → First to allow inter-caste marriage. Boora Khap → anti-dowry & marriage expenditure minimum. Narwal Khap → helpline vs child marriage, feticide & gender violence. 👉 Despite liberal steps(women akhadas, fund for athletics), male dominance persists → Khap = tradition + modernity mix.
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Definition
Traditional social order – authentic & scientific account of trad social order.
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Thinkers
B.K. Roy Burman – majority of tribes became landless labourers; caste gave no security. Applied Anthro- Birhor Action Research Project – L.P. Vidyarthi
Short notes for this Anthropology syllabus heading.