Why in news
- ISRO successfully placed EOS-05 into geosynchronous orbit from where it will operate 36,000 km above Earth.
- EOS-05 is India's first geosynchronous earth observation satellite designed for continuous broad-area monitoring.
What is EOS-05?
- A specialized Earth Observation Satellite stationed in **Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit (GEO)** at an altitude of approximately 36,000 km.
- **Unlike Low Earth Orbit (LEO)** imaging satellites that pass periodically, a GEO observation platform provides near-continuous stationary coverage over a specific geographic footprint.
Key Capabilities and Applications
- Enables persistent real-time monitoring of strategic assets, border regions, and maritime conflict zones.
- Supplies continuous high-cadence environmental and disaster management monitoring over the Indian subcontinent.
Why it matters
- Fills a crucial gap in space-based surveillance by complementing intermittent LEO imagery with continuous GEO observation.
- Enhances national defense, border monitoring, and rapid disaster response operational readiness.
Key terms
Geosynchronous Orbit
An orbit matching Earth's rotational period, allowing a satellite to remain fixed above a specific longitude.
Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
Orbits at altitudes between 160 km to 2,000 km, providing high-resolution images but short revisit times.
Prelims facts
- EOS-05 is placed in geosynchronous orbit (~36,000 km), not Low Earth Orbit.
- Geosynchronous observation allows persistent real-time monitoring of a fixed region.
Mains discussion
- Strategic significance of indigenous space assets in national border security and disaster mitigation.
Source: Hindu Business Line News
Same topic · past papers
UPSC has asked this before
These previous-year questions sit on the same topic. Open one to practise the earlier ask.
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2018 · Q61 · General Studies · 2 marks
With reference to the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), consider the following statements: 1. IRNSS has three satellites in geostationary and four satellites in geosynchronous orbits. 2. IRNSS covers entire India and about 5500 sq. km beyond its borders. 3. India will have its own satellite navigation system with full global coverage by the middle of 2019. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? -
2025 · Q11 · GS II · 15 marks
"Constitutional morality is the fulcrum which acts as an essential check upon the high functionaries and citizens alike…"In view of the above observation of the Supreme Court, explain the concept of constitutional morality and its application to ensure balance between judicial independence and judicial accountability in India. -
2019 · Q97 · General Studies · 2 marks
Recently, scientists observed the merger of giant 'blackholes' billions of light- years away from the Earth. What is the significance of this observation? -
2026 · Q15 · GS I · 15 marks
Analyze the role of satellite-based technologies in achieving climate-smart agriculture and food security in India. -
2026 · Q15 · GS III · 15 marks
Mention salient features of 'Mission Drishti'. Discuss the imaging techniques used in the satellite launched on 3rd May 2026. Why is it being considered world's first satellite of its kind?