Q13 · UPSC Civil Services Mains 2015 · GS IV · 20 marks · 4 min read

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Case study. A private company is known for its efficiency, transparency, and employee welfare. The company though owned by a private individual has a cooperative character where employees feel a sense of ownership. The company employs nearly 700 personnel and they have voluntarily decided not to form a union. One day suddenly in the morning, about 40 men belonging to a political party gatecrashed into the factory demanding jobs in the factory. They threatened the management and employees and also used foul language. The employees feel demoralized. It was clear that those people who gate-crashed wanted to be on the payroll of the company as well as continue as the volunteers/members of the party The company maintains high standards in integrity and does not extend favors to civil administration that also includes law enforcement agencies. Such incidents occur in the public sector also. (a) Assume you are the CEO of the company. What would you do to diffuse the volatile situation on the date of gate-crashing with the violent mob sitting inside the company premises? (b) What could be the long-term solution to the issue discussed in the case? (c) Every solution/action that you suggest will have a positive and a negative impact on you (as CEO), the employees, and the performance of the employees. Analyze the consequences of each of your suggested actions.

Topic: Ethics Case Studies. Syllabus: Case Studies on above issues. Same official PYQ from year-wise 2015 and Ethics Case Studies.

Revision summary

Forty party men occupying a factory is extortion, not job counselling. Diffuse the day with lockdown, a recorded demand for police, and talks only after they leave the floor — no panic appointments. Long term: transparent recruitment, lawful protection without bribing administration, and a completed trespass case. Paying or hiring the mob demoralises 700 employees and wrecks performance. A worker counter-attack risks blood and cases; it is not a strategy.

Model answer

Copper italics in this answer — like this — are the key facts. Each one is unpacked in the Facts & figures rail.

Introduction

A factory that refused to buy the police is now hosting a mob that wants a salary and a party card together. My first duty is the safety of 700 people inside. My second is not to purchase a permanent occupation of the rolls.

Body

Stakeholders

  • Employees who feel demoralised and threatened.
  • The 40 gatecrashers and the political party behind them.
  • You as CEO, owners, and lawful job-seekers outside.
  • Law enforcement, which this firm has not cultivated with favours.
  • The public interest in a factory that pays taxes and does not become a party camp.

Values

  • Rule of law, safety, dignity of workers, and refusal of extortion.
  • Courage without a macho clash that gets someone killed today.
  • Fair recruitment later, not a panic hire of a militia.

(a) Diffusing the day

  • Do not start a physical fight with 40 men. Lock down inner production if needed, keep women and vulnerable staff away from the gate, and give one calm public instruction: we will talk, we will not be beaten into a roster.
  • Call the police in writing and by phone, on speaker with a witness, recording the time. The firm’s past refusal of favours does not cancel the State’s duty to remove a trespass. If the local station delays, escalate to the Superintendent of Police and the District Magistrate with a written request for protection of life and property.
  • Offer a single meeting in a visible room: two managers, no signing of appointment letters under threat, water, and a statement that jobs follow advertised process.
  • Ask the group to leave the shop floor; talking continues only after the illegal occupation ends. If they refuse, that fact goes in the police complaint.
  • Do not distribute cash, “token jobs”, or a promise that they can remain party workers on the payroll. That is the demand; paying it today trains the next 40.
  • Inform staff in one honest line so that rumours do not start a stampede or a counter-mob.
  • Medical aid on stand-by; no hero speeches from the gate.

(b) Long-term solution

  • Institutionalise lawful recruitment: public notice, criteria, local employment where skill fits, and a record that can be shown to any party.
  • Seek a standing, professional relationship with administration that is clean: courtesy, compliance, and insistence on equal protection, not envelopes.
  • Worker voice without a captured union: grievance committees, and if workers later choose a union, deal with it under labour law rather than pretending 700 people have no interests.
  • Legal follow-through: trespass, intimidation, and, if facts support, unlawful assembly. A withdrawn complaint after a “settlement” invites a sequel.
  • Industry association and State: ask for a published protocol on political occupation of workplaces.
  • Physical security that is defensive, not a private army.

(c) Consequences of actions

  • Action: immediate police help and refusal to hire under threat.
  • On CEO: risk of political anger and a delayed rescue if the station is captured; also the only path that keeps the chair honest.
  • On employees: fear during the wait; then restored dignity if the mob leaves. If police never come, morale falls further — which is why escalation must be real.
  • On performance: a lost shift today; a saved firm tomorrow. Paying the mob would raise absenteeism of honest workers and destroy productivity through fear.
  • Action: hire some of the 40 to “calm the day”.
  • On CEO: short peace, long blackmail, possible illegal appointment.
  • On employees: demoralisation, two classes of staff, pressure to join the party.
  • On performance: a politicised shop floor, quality fall, and likely a union of the wrong kind — a party cell.
  • Action: pay cash to leave.
  • On CEO: cheap today, endless tomorrow.
  • On employees: shame; some may leave.
  • On performance: the factory becomes a toll booth.
  • Action: vigilante eviction by workers.
  • On CEO: criminal liability if someone dies.
  • On employees: injury and later cases.
  • On performance: a war, not a plant.
  • Action: long-term clean recruitment plus persistent lawful protection.
  • Cost: time and some political noise.
  • Gain: the cooperative character that the stem praised can survive.

Flow diagram

flowchart TD
  MOB[Gatecrash for jobs] --> SAFE[Staff safety lockdown]
  SAFE --> POL[Recorded call to police and DM]
  POL --> TALK[Talk after occupation ends]
  HIRE[Hire under threat] --> BLACK[Permanent blackmail]
  CASH[Pay to leave] --> TOLL[Factory as toll]

Conclusion

  • Today: protect people, call the State on record, talk only after occupation ends, hire nobody under a stick. Long term: fair jobs, clean insistence on police duty, and a complaint that is not withdrawn. Buying the mob would end the firm’s integrity faster than a lost shift.

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  1. 2018 · Q11 · GS IV · 20 marks

    Case study. Dr. X is a leading medical practitioner in a city. He has set up a charitable trust through which he plans to establish a super-specialty hospital in the city to cater to the medical needs of all sections of society. Incidentally, that part of the State had been neglected over the years. The proposed hospital would be a boon for the region. You are heading the tax investigation agency of that region. During an inspection of the doctor's clinic, your officers have found out some major irregularities. A few of them are substantial which had resulted in considerable withholding of tax that should be paid by him now. The doctor is cooperative. He undertakes to pay the tax immediately. However, there are certain other deficiencies in his tax compliance that are purely technical in nature. If these technical defaults are pursued by the agency, considerable time and energy of the doctor will be diverted to issues that are not so serious, urgent, or even helpful to the tax collection process. Further, in all probability, it will hamper the prospects of the hospital coming up. There are two options before you: Taking a broader view, ensuring substantial tax compliance, and ignoring defaults that are merely technical in nature. Pursue the matter strictly and proceed on all fronts, whether substantial or merely technical. As the head of the tax agency, which course of action will you opt for and why? (250 words).

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