Q18 · UPSC Prelims 2023 · Set A · Environment and Ecology

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Consider the following statements:1.Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperature above the boiling point of water.2.Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperature below the freezing point of water.3.Some microorganisms can grow in highly acidic environment with a pH below3.How many of the above statements are correct?

A Only one
B Only two
C All three
D None

Correct answer: (c) All three

Explanation

  1. A

    Only one

    Only one. Extremophiles cover heat, cold and acid.

  2. B

    Only two

    Only two. All three habitats have microbes.

  3. C

    All three

    All three. Hyperthermophiles above 100 °C, psychrophiles below 0 °C, acidophiles below pH 3.

  4. D

    None

    None. Each statement is standard microbiology.

Summary. Official key is (c) all three. Pyrococcus and similar archaea grow above the boiling point (under pressure). Psychrophiles grow in sea ice. Acidithiobacillus and Picrophilus grow below pH 3. All three statements hold.

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