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Mains Prelims

Q98 · UPSC Prelims 2019 · Set A · Science and Technology

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Which of the following are the reasons for the occurrence of multi-drug resistance in microbial pathogens in India?1.Genetic predisposition of some people2.Taking incorrect doses of antibiotics to cure diseases3.Using antibiotics in livestock farming4.Multiple chronic diseases in some peopleSelect the correct answer using the code given below

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A 1 and 2
B 2 and 3 only
C 1, 3 and 4
D 2, 3 and 4

Correct answer: (b) 2 and 3 only

Explanation

  1. A

    1 and 2

    (a) 1 and 2. Genetic predisposition of patients is not a listed driver of microbial multi-drug resistance in this key. Incorrect antibiotic doses are a driver, but pairing them with genetics is not the key.

  2. B

    2 and 3 only

    (b) 2 and 3 only. Wrong doses and incomplete courses select resistant strains. Antibiotics in livestock farming add a large reservoir of resistance genes. Those two are the official key.

  3. C

    1, 3 and 4

    (c) 1, 3 and 4. Genetic predisposition and multiple chronic diseases in people are host facts, not the microbial-resistance reasons keyed here. Not the key.

  4. D

    2, 3 and 4

    (d) 2, 3 and 4. Multiple chronic diseases may increase antibiotic exposure, but statement 4 is not in the official pair. Not the key.

Summary. Official key is (b). Multi-drug resistance in pathogens is driven by misuse of antibiotics in humans (wrong dose, incomplete course) and by farm use that selects resistant bacteria. Host genetics and a count of chronic diseases are not the keyed reasons. Honour (b).

Same topic · past papers

UPSC has asked this before

These previous-year questions sit on the same topic. Open one to practise the earlier ask.

  1. 2026 · Q8 · General Studies · 2 marks

    Consider the following statements about the archaeological findings in Harappan towns: I. There is wide occurrence of spindle-whorls in the houses but absence of spinning wheels. II. Weights and measurement scales, complete with graduations have been discovered. III. There are houses built in large part with baked bricks, around relatively spacious courtyards, with their own wells, bathing platforms, and large rooms. Which of the following inferences can be drawn from the above statements? 1. Statement I suggests that spinning was a laborious activity done at home. 2. Statement II suggests the extent of the scientific knowledge that the Harappans possessed. 3. Statement III suggests the emergence of a common property system. Select the answer using the code given below:

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← 2019 Set A paper

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