Correct answer: (a) 1, 2 and 4
Explanation
- A
1, 2 and 4
(a) 1, 2 and 4. RNAi silences genes (including viral and oncogenes) and has been used to engineer virus-resistant crops (for example papaya ringspot via gene silencing). Hormone replacement therapy is not an RNAi use. That trio is the official key.
- B
2 and 3
(b) 2 and 3. Statement 3 is false; dropping 1 and 4 is wrong. Not the key.
- C
1 and 3
(c) 1 and 3. Statement 3 is false. Not the key.
- D
1 and 4 only
(d) 1 and 4 only. Statement 2 is also true: RNAi is explored in cancer therapy. Dropping 2 is not the key.
Summary. Official key is (a). RNA interference knocks down complementary mRNA. That is gene-silencing therapy, including oncology pipelines, and a plant-virus resistance tool. It does not replace hormones. Honour (a).
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