Q8 · UPSC Civil Services Mains 2019 · Essay · 125 marks · 1 min read

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Rise of Artificial Intelligence: the threat of jobless future or better job opportunities through reskilling and upskilling.

Topic: Philosophical and ethical quotes. Syllabus: Philosophical and ethical quotes Same official PYQ from year-wise 2019 and Philosophical and ethical quotes.

Essay map

Opening scene

Anecdote

A clerk’s register is now a portal. The clerk is not sure he is. A radiologist’s junior is a model that never sleeps. The topic puts a gun on the table: jobless future, or better work if we retrain. Refuse the gun. Write the politics of the fork.

Keep this in every paragraph

One stand

Some tasks die. Some tasks get worse (surveillance, a gig score). Some get better if bargaining and public education move. Write India: IT services, a warehouse, a farm drone.

Use once, in a scene — do not dump names

Quotes to earn

  • Keynes / Schumpeter

    One nod: destruction and a new mix of work — then India.

  • Ambedkar

    Education as the milk of a lioness — reskilling with dignity, not a pep talk.

Turn each heading into a full paragraph in the hall

Heading map

What the line is asking

  • Threat: displacement, a thinner middle, a deskilled craft.
  • Opportunity: new tools, new firms, time for care if the gains are shared.
  • Reskilling is real; it is not a moral duty dumped on the fired.

Labour

  • A BPO script vs a model. A warehouse picker paced by an algorithm.
  • Unions, a portable social security, a just transition fund.

School / skilling

  • ITI, a university that still teaches judgment. 21A is childhood; this is adulthood’s school.

Inequality

  • Capital owns the model. Labour owns a certificate that expires.
  • Public compute and open data as a democratic demand.

The counter

‘Everyone will be a prompt engineer’ is a fairy tale. Care, teaching, a judge’s hearing, a nurse’s hand — not all excellence is a token. And a jobless future for some is already here; do not wait for a perfect forecast.

Drop one peg where it fits — not a data dump

Value addition

  • Code on Social Security Gig and platform — the legal seam of the new task.
  • NCVET / Skill India Certificates — useful, not a substitute for a wage floor.
  • Art. 41 / 43 Work, a living wage — the ought the model does not write.

Last 8–10 lines in the exam

Last paragraph

  • Close: retrain the system, not only the worker. Expand — this is only the map.

Quick related

Students also ask

  • Alternative technologies for a climate change resilient India.

    Next question on this syllabus topic (2018 · Q1). View answer →

  • Is this the full essay?

    No. It is a map. In the exam, each heading becomes a paragraph with one Indian case.

  • Tone?

    Neither panic nor brochure. One displaced task, one new task, one care task that stays human.

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