A
The process of translating ancient administrative texts into modern constitutional documents.
B
The process of converting basic scientific discoveries into practical, market-ready commercial applications.
C
The administrative transfer of government employees across different scientific departments.
D
The translation of environmental clearance norms across international borders.
Correct answer: (b) The process of converting basic scientific discoveries into practical, market-ready commercial applications.
Explanation
Translational research refers to the process of converting basic scientific discoveries into practical, market-ready commercial applications. All other options misrepresent the term.
Same topic · past papers
UPSC has asked this before
These previous-year questions sit on the same topic. Open one to practise the earlier ask.
-
2026 · Q77 · General Studies · 2 marks
Which of the following statements in relation to NIRANTAR (National Institute for Research and Application of Natural Resources to Transform, Adapt and Build Resilience), a platform of institutions under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, is/are correct? 1. Ecosystem Survey and Analysis is a vertical under this platform, the lead institute of which is Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata. 2. Research and Management of Ecosystem Service is a vertical under this platform, the lead institute of which is Central Zoo Authority, New Delhi. 3. Capacity Development Support is a vertical under this platform, the lead institute of which is Indian Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal. Select the answer using the code given below: -
2026 · Q80 · General Studies · 2 marks
The Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) recently introduced a national standard to test and assess bomb disposal system. Which of the following statements with regard to this system is/are correct? 1. The new standard is known as IS 19445 : 2025. 2. It will improve interoperability of equipment across agencies. 3. It was developed by TBRL, DRDO in collaboration with the 30th Central Scientific Research Institute, Russia. Select the answer using the code given below: -
2025 · Q83 · General Studies · 2 marks
Consider the following pace missions : I. Axiom-4 II. SpaDeX III. Gaganyaan How many of the space missions given above encourage and support micro-gravity research? -
2021 · Q15 · GS III · 15 marks
What are the research and developmental achievements in applied biotechnology/? How will these achievements help to uplift the poorer sections of the society? -
2021 · Q59 · General Studies · 2 marks
In the context of India's preparation for Climate- Smart Agriculture, consider the following statements: 1. The 'Climate-Smart Village' approach in India is a part of a project led by the Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), an international research programme. 2. The project of CCAFS is carried out under Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) headquartered in France. 3. The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) in India is one of the CGIAR's research centres. Which of the statements given above are correct?