Anthropology short notes · Paper 1

Social-cultural Anthropology.

(a) Social-cultural Anthropology.

Part of Main branches of Anthropology, their scope and relevance:

Short notes

Social-cultural Anthropology.

Social-Cultural Anthropology

Definition

Cultural Anthropology is the study of learned behaviour, beliefs, customs, traditions, institutions, and values of different human societies.

Example / case study

  • Analysis of Harappan weights and urban planning provides evidence not only about technology but also about economic organisation and social regulation.
  • Material remains → scientific analysis → reconstruction of past human behaviour and institutions.
  • 3. Linguistic Anthropology — Language + Worldview
  • Linguistic anthropology studies the relationship between language, culture and society.

Thinkers

  • K. S. Singh | Tribal and historical studies
  • Bronislaw Malinowski | Fieldwork; Cultural Anthropology
  • Franz Boas | Cultural Anthropology; Historical Particularism
  • Benjamin Lee Whorf | Linguistic Relativity

Scope

Definition

Cultural Anthropology is the study of learned behaviour, beliefs, customs, traditions, institutions, and values of different human societies.

Example / case study

  • Information is reconstructed almost entirely through archaeological evidence.
  • Together they explain humans from biological, cultural, linguistic and historical perspectives.
  • Anthropology today extends far beyond the study of tribes.

Thinkers

  • E.A. Hoebel: “Anthropology is the study of man and his works.”

Relevance

Definition

Cultural Anthropology is the study of learned behaviour, beliefs, customs, traditions, institutions, and values of different human societies.

Example / case study

  • over-consumption of resources → karma teaches restraint.
  • Lucia Michelutti (The Vernacularisation of Democracy, 2008) → Yadavs of UP link identity to Krishna descent.
  • John Cort (Jains in the World, 2001) → Oswals consider themselves superior to other Jain castes (Shrimals, Porwals).
  • Anuja Agrawal (Chaste Wives and Prostitute Sisters, 2008) → Bedia community narrates their Rajput origin despite prostitution as occupation.