Anthropology short notes · Paper 1

Principles of Prehistoric Archaeology. Chronology

(a) Principles of Prehistoric Archaeology. Chronology: Relative and Absolute Dating methods.

Part of Principles of Prehistoric Archaeology.

Short notes

Principles of Prehistoric Archaeology. Chronology

Principles Of Prehistoric Archaeology. Chronology

Definition

Principles of Prehistoric Archaeology. Chronology

Relative

Definition

Integrated geology with archaeology, especially stratigraphy, making Indian prehistory more scientific

Example / case study

  • Father & Father’s brother called by same term.
  • A person is a Brahmin because he is born in a Brahmin family, follows certain rituals, inherits ritual purity.
  • A lower caste with economic power can challenge ritual status.
  • Distillers (Boad caste) improved economic status under British rule → acquired land → challenged ritual dominance of warrior castes, earlier they were lower caster.

Absolute Dating Methods

Definition

Physical Health: Menopause is associated with significant physical changes, such as osteoporosis (bone brittleness) and skin dryness, necessitating targeted public health interventions for the "Third Age" of a woman’s life.

Example / case study

  • Krakatoa volcanic eruption (Indonesia, 1883) – layers below this date are older than 1883.
  • Obsidian glass used by Neolithic Mexico.