Short notes
Meaning of Anthropology.
Definition
Anthropology is the holistic, comparative study of humans — biological evolution, culture, language, institutions and behaviour — across time and space (anthropos = human; logos = study).
Example / case study
- Harappan urban planning is reconstructed from material remains, showing how archaeology recovers past social organisation.
- Tribal welfare uses anthropological field methods such as PRA/RRA so schemes fit local culture rather than a one-size plan.
Thinkers
- E.A. Hoebel — Anthropology is the study of man and his works.
- L.P. Vidyarthi — three phases of Indian anthropology: Formative (1774–1919, colonial surveys), Constructive (1920–1949, institutional fieldwork), Analytical (from 1950).