Which measures are essential to achieve Goal 4 of the Sustainable Development Targets, 2030?1.Making education free and compulsory2.Improving basic school infrastructure and embracing digital transformation3.Expansion of agricultural programmes4.Increasing investment in technologySelect the correct answer from the codes given below:

1. A

   1 and 2

   1 and 2. Sustainable Development Goal 4 focuses on ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education and promoting lifelong learning opportunities for all, which directly encompasses making education free and compulsory along with improving basic school infrastructure and embracing digital transformation. This makes statements 1 and 2 correct measures essential for achieving Goal 4 of the 2030 Agenda.

2. B

   1, 2, 3 and 4

   1, 2, 3 and 4. This option incorrectly includes the expansion of agricultural programmes and increasing investment in technology as direct measures for Goal 4, which specifically pertains to education rather than agriculture or general technology investment.

3. C

   Only 1

   Only 1. This option correctly identifies making education free and compulsory as a measure for Goal 4, but erroneously omits improving basic school infrastructure and digital transformation, which are also vital components of the education target.

4. D

   1, 2 and 3

   1, 2 and 3. This option incorrectly includes the expansion of agricultural programmes as a measure for achieving the education-focused Sustainable Development Goal 4.

Summary. Official key is (a) 1 and 2. Sustainable Development Goal 4 of the 2030 Agenda aims to achieve inclusive and equitable quality education worldwide. Making education free and compulsory (statement 1) and improving basic school infrastructure alongside digital transformation (statement 2) are direct targets under this goal. Agricultural expansion and general technology investment do not form part of this specific educational framework. Therefore, only statements 1 and 2 are correct.