Which indicators are used in Human Development Index (HDI)?1.Income level2.Education3.Condition of environment4.Life expectancySelect the correct answer from the codes given below:

1. A

   Only 1, 2 and 3

   Option (a) claims that income level, education, and condition of environment are the indicators used in the Human Development Index. However, environmental condition is not a component of the standard HDI framework published by the UNDP.

2. B

   Only 1 and 4

   Option (b) asserts that only income level and life expectancy are used, which ignores the crucial dimension of education that completes the triad of human development pillars.

3. C

   Only 1, 2 and 4

   Option (c) states that income level, education, and life expectancy are the core indicators used in the Human Development Index, which aligns perfectly with the standard UN methodology. The HDI measures achievements in three basic dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, access to knowledge, and a decent standard of living, represented precisely by life expectancy, education indices, and income level respectively.

4. D

   Only 1 and 2

   Option (d) restricts the indicators to only income level and education, thereby omitting life expectancy, which is a foundational pillar alongside the other two.

Summary. Official key is (c) … The Human Development Index is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators. These three dimensions are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. Condition of environment, while important for broader sustainable development studies, is not part of the standard HDI calculation. Therefore, only statements 1, 2, and 4 are correct, making option (c) the right choice.