Given below are two statements, one is labelled asAssertion (A) :and the other as Reason (R).Assertion (A):Most of the early nationalists considered British rule as an act of providence destined to bring modernisation.Reason (R):They complained only against "Un-British rule" in India.Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

1. A

   Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

   Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). Option (a) correctly identifies that while early nationalists viewed British rule as a providence that would modernize India and also critiqued the oppressive economic policies termed Un-British rule, the latter fact does not logically explain why they considered it a providential act of modernization.

2. B

   (A) is false, but (R) is true.

   (A) is false, but (R) is true. Option (b) incorrectly claims that Assertion (A) is false, disregarding historical evidence that early Congress leaders genuinely believed British connection was destined to bring modern progress.

3. C

   Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

   Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). Option (c) mistakenly assumes that the critique of Un-British rule is the causal explanation for why early nationalists viewed British governance as an act of providence.

4. D

   (A) is true, but (R) is false.

   (A) is true, but (R) is false. Option (d) incorrectly dismisses Reason (R) as false, ignoring the well-documented complaints of early leaders against the Un-British economic drain.

Summary. Official key is (a) because both the assertion regarding early nationalists viewing British rule as a providential path to modernization and the reason concerning their critique of Un-British rule are historically accurate statements. Early nationalists genuinely held a complex view where they appreciated potential modernization benefits while simultaneously protesting economic exploitation. However, Reason (R) does not serve as the correct theoretical explanation for Assertion (A). Aspirants often confuse causal linkages in assertion-reason questions, but here both statements stand independently true without a direct cause-and-effect relationship.