Revision summary
Dudhwa and Pilibhit sit against terai cane, which is night cover for big cats. Highways and habitation cut corridors. Nilgai and boar create crop conflict across the plains. Measures are cores, buffers, compensation, and rapid response. A tiger plan does not by itself stop nilgai damage.
Model answer
Introduction
Conflict in Uttar Pradesh is no longer only a forest-core story. Tigers and leopards use terai sugarcane, and nilgai eat the plains crop. Causes are habitat squeeze and easy cover; measures must protect both the animal and the farm.
Body
Causes
- Terai forests of Dudhwa and Pilibhit sit against cane and paddy; tall sugarcane is night cover for leopard and tiger moving between patches.
- Fragmented corridors, highways, and new habitation cut the old walk between forest blocks.
- Prey inside the park is not always enough, or cattle sit on the edge, so a kill becomes a village event.
- Nilgai and wild boar thrive in agricultural mosaics where hunting is illegal and fencing is weak, which is crop conflict without a tiger headline.
- Waste dumps and stray cattle near towns pull leopards into peri-urban wards.
Measures
- Dudhwa Tiger Reserve and Pilibhit Tiger Reserve need inviolate core, staffed buffers, and maintained corridors, not only a tourism gate.
- Rapid response teams, compensation for livestock and crop, and cage-and-release protocols reduce revenge killing.
- Cane-field protocols, lighting, and community watch in terai villages are more useful than a late lathi charge.
- Nilgai damage needs fencing, community drives within law, and crop choice on edges, because a tiger plan does not solve a nilgai field.
- Long-term land-use must stop filling every grassland and floodplain patch that wildlife still uses.
Flow diagram
flowchart TD H[Habitat squeeze] --> C[Conflict] S[Sugarcane cover] --> C N[Nilgai crop raid] --> C C --> M[Corridors compensation response] R[Dudhwa Pilibhit] --> M
Conclusion
Conflict is rising because terai farms are now leopard cover and plains farms are nilgai kitchens, while corridors shrink. Measures are reserves, corridors, compensation, and farm-edge design. Force alone after a death is not a policy.
Quick related
Students also ask
-
Describe the role of science exhibitions, fairs and campaigns in spreading scientific approach in Uttar Pradesh.
Next question in the 2025 paper (Q10). View answer →
-
Is conflict only a tiger problem?
No. Leopard in cane and nilgai in wheat and pulses are as live as tiger news from Dudhwa.
-
Does translocation solve every leopard case?
No. Moving an animal without fixing cover, waste, and cattle on the edge often shifts the conflict to the next village.
PYQ trend
When UPSC asked this
Related PYQs from other years, newest first. Open a question to read it.
-
2024 · Q4 · UPGS6 · 8 marks
Describe the geographical distribution and characteristics of main types of natural vegetation found in Uttar Pradesh. -
2024 · Q13 · UPGS6 · 12 marks
Describe the wildlife sanctuaries of Uttar Pradesh. Which of these sanctuaries are crucial for conservation of endangered species? -
2023 · Q3 · UPGS6 · 8 marks
What are the key features and significance of the Lower Ganga Canal System in Uttar Pradesh? -
2023 · Q18 · UPGS6 · 12 marks
Explain the ecological importance of the Wildlife Sanctuaries in the Tarai region of Uttar Pradesh.
More from this paper
Q1 · UPSC Mains 2025 · UPGS6 · 8 marks
Discuss the recent tax reforms undertaken by the Uttar Pradesh Government.
Public finance and ODOP
U.P. tax reform after GST is mainly stamp duty, electricity duty, SGST incentives, and online commercial tax. Industrial policy uses those three state tools to attract plants. Digitised registration and e-way bills cut compliance delay. Households see stamp-duty concessions more clearly than GST rates, which are Union-led. The state cannot rewrite GST slabs; it can only run administration and property-linked taxes better.
Q2 · UPSC Mains 2025 · UPGS6 · 8 marks
What is the concept of Invest U.P.? Evaluate its role in the economic development of Uttar Pradesh.
Schemes, skill and investment
Invest U.P. is the state investment promotion agency, not a factory owner. It markets sectors and walks files through Nivesh Mitra. Summits and land banks are the pitch; after-care is the development test. It helps a land-locked state compete on speed of clearance. It cannot substitute power, logistics, or skills.
Q3 · UPSC Mains 2025 · UPGS6 · 8 marks
What is "Green Star Rating System" launched in 2025?
Economy, budget and industry of UP
U.P. launched a Green Star Rating in 2025 as a state mark for greener buildings and industry. Stars rest on energy, water, and waste performance. The rating is a signal for buyers and departments, not a replacement for pollution law. It has no privately invented ISO number in this answer. Its worth depends on audit, not on the logo alone.
Toppers' copies
Toppers' copies for this question will be uploaded soon.