Why in news
- Indian Air Force concluded participation in multilateral Exercise Pitch Black in Australia and bilateral Exercise Udara Shakti in Malaysia.
Exercise Pitch Black 2026
- Biennial multilateral air combat exercise hosted by the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF).
- IAF deployed Rafale fighter aircraft to engage in Large Force Employment (LFE) missions alongside over 20 nations.
Exercise Udara Shakti 2026
- Bilateral air combat exercise between the Indian Air Force and the Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF).
- Conducted at Subang, Malaysia, featuring combat maneuvers alongside Su-30MKM and F/A-18 Hornet fighters.
Key terms
Large Force Employment (LFE)
Military exercise missions involving high volumes of aircraft operating in coordinated air defense scenarios.
Prelims facts
- Pitch Black is a multilateral air exercise hosted by Australia.
- Udara Shakti is a bilateral exercise between India and Malaysia.
Source: PIB English
Same topic · past papers
UPSC has asked this before
These previous-year questions sit on the same topic. Open one to practise the earlier ask.
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2018 · Q53 · General Studies · 2 marks
If the President of India exercises his power as provided under Article 356 of the Constitution of a particular State, then -
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