A
Pre-trial agreement where a defendant pleads guilty to a lesser charge.
B
Speedy judicial procedure for minor offenses without full formal trial proceedings.
C
Systematic categorisation of pending court cases based on age and offense type.
D
Litigation that has lost practical relevance or purpose due to changing circumstances.
Correct answer: (d) Litigation that has lost practical relevance or purpose due to changing circumstances.
Explanation
Option D is correct because infructuous cases refer to litigation that has lost its practical relevance or purpose. Option B describes summary trials, option A describes plea bargaining, and option C describes case profiling.
Same topic · past papers
UPSC has asked this before
These previous-year questions sit on the same topic. Open one to practise the earlier ask.