X', born in the UK, was conferred the Nobel Prize in 2025. He was a professor in an American university when this prize was announced. Identify 'X':

1. A

   Michel H. Devoret

   Michel H. Devoret is a French-American physicist known for his pioneering work in superconducting circuits and quantum information, but he is not the individual identified in this context.

2. B

   Richard Robson

   Richard Robson is a British-born Australian chemist renowned for his work in coordination polymers and metal-organic frameworks, but he did not receive this specific recognition.

3. C

   John Clarke

   John Clarke. Born in the UK and serving as a professor at the University of California, Berkeley, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2025 for his contributions to macroscopic quantum coherence and Josephson junctions.

4. D

   Joel Mokyr

   Joel Mokyr is a prominent British-American economic historian known for his research on the Industrial Revolution and technological progress, not a laureate of this prize.

Summary. Official key is (c). John Clarke, a UK-born professor at an American university, was conferred the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2025, while the distractors represent other prominent contemporary scientists or historians.