Consider the following statements about Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI):1.MPI is calculated using Alkire-Foster methodology.2.MPI calculated by NITI Aayog has a total of twelve indicators.3.Maternal Health and Bank Account are common indicators in the MPI of NITI Aayog and MPI of United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. A

   1 and 2 only

   Statement 1 is correct because the global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) and its national counterparts use the Alkire-Foster method for multidimensional poverty measurement. Statement 2 is correct because India's National Multidimensional Poverty Index published by NITI Aayog tracks twelve indicators grouped across health, education, and standard of living. Hence, option (a) is correct.

2. B

   1, 2 and 3

   Statement 3 claims that Maternal Health and Bank Account are common indicators in both the national MPI and UNDP global MPI. While Bank Account is included, Maternal Health is not part of the standard global indicator set in the same manner, making statement 3 incorrect. Thus, option (b) is incorrect.

3. C

   1 and 3 only

   Statement 3 is incorrect because Maternal Health is not a shared common indicator between the two frameworks in the manner stated. Therefore, option (c) is incorrect.

4. D

   2 only

   Statement 1 is also correct alongside statement 2, as the Alkire-Foster methodology forms the mathematical foundation of MPI calculations. Therefore, option (d) is incorrect.

Summary. Official key is (a) because the MPI uses the Alkire-Foster methodology and NITI Aayog's national index tracks twelve indicators, while statement 3 is factually incorrect regarding the specific overlap of indicators.