Explanation
- A
Assisted reproductive technologies
Assisted reproduction. That is IVF / ICSI, not MBR.
- B
Drug delivery nanotechnologies
Drug-delivery nanotech. Different membranes.
- C
Vaccine production technologies
Vaccine production. Not the usual MBR headline.
- D
Wastewater treatment technologies
Wastewater treatment. Membrane bioreactors combine activated sludge with membrane filtration.
Summary. Official key is (d) wastewater treatment. A membrane bioreactor (MBR) couples biological treatment with a membrane to separate sludge from treated water. It is a sewage / industrial-effluent technology, not IVF or vaccines.
Same topic · past papers
UPSC has asked this before
These previous-year questions sit on the same topic. Open one to practise the earlier ask.
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2025 · Q34 · General Studies · 2 marks
Consider the following statements: Statement I: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change is frequently discussed in global discussions on sustainable development and climate change. Statement II: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change sets out the principles of carbon markets. Statement III: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change intends to promote inter-country non-market strategies to reach their climate targets. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? -
2024 · Q38 · General Studies · 2 marks
Recently, the term "pumped-storage hydropower" is actually and appropriately discussed in the context of which one of the following? -
2023 · Q68 · General Studies · 2 marks
Consider the following activities : 1. Spreading finely ground basalt rock on farmlands extensively 2. Increasing the alkalinity of oceans by adding lime 3. Capturing carbon dioxide released by various industries and pumping it into abandoned subterranean mines in the form of carbonated waters How many of the above activities are often considered and discussed for carbon capture and sequestration?