Q97 · UPSC Prelims 2022 · Set A · Science and Technology

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Which one of the following statements best describes the role of B cells and T cells in the human body?

A They protect the body from environmental allergens.
B They alleviate the body's pain and inflammation.
C They act as immunosuppressants in the body.
D They protect the body from the diseases caused by pathogens.

Correct answer: (d) They protect the body from the diseases caused by pathogens.

Explanation

  1. A

    They protect the body from environmental allergens.

    Protect from environmental allergens. A slice of immunity (IgE), not the core B/T job as keyed.

  2. B

    They alleviate the body's pain and inflammation.

    Alleviate pain and inflammation. That is drugs / other mediators.

  3. C

    They act as immunosuppressants in the body.

    Act as immunosuppressants. Regulatory T cells modulate; they are not ‘the’ immunosuppressants.

  4. D

    They protect the body from the diseases caused by pathogens.

    Protect from diseases caused by pathogens. Adaptive immunity: B cells (antibodies) and T cells (cellular).

Summary. Official key is (d). B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes are the adaptive immune cells that defend against pathogens. Allergen handling, analgesia and immunosuppression are not their defining role in this item.

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