Q98 · UPSC Prelims 2020 · Set A · Environment and Ecology

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Consider the following statements:1.36% of India's districts are classified as "overexploited" or "critical" by the Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA).2.CGWA was formed under the Environment (Protection) Act.3.India has the largest area under groundwater irrigation in the world.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A 1 only
B 2 and 3 only
C 2 only
D 1 and 3 only

Correct answer: (b) 2 and 3 only

Explanation

  1. A

    1 only

    1 only. 36% over-exploited/critical is too high a share as keyed.

  2. B

    2 and 3 only

    2 and 3 only. CGWA is under the Environment (Protection) Act; India has the world’s largest groundwater-irrigated area. The 36% district figure fails.

  3. C

    2 only

    2 only. Under-counts the irrigation-area fact.

  4. D

    1 and 3 only

    1 and 3 only. Keeps the inflated 36%.

Summary. Official key is (b) 2 and 3 only. Central Ground Water Authority was constituted under the EPA, 1986. India leads the world in area under groundwater irrigation. A 36% ‘over-exploited or critical districts’ line is not the keyed statistic.

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