Q44 · UPSC Prelims 2018 · Set A · Art and Culture

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With reference to cultural history of India, consider the following statements:1.Most of the Tyagaraja Kritis are devotional songs in praise of Lord Krishna.2.Tyagaraja created several new ragas.3.Annamacharya and Tyagaraja are contemporaries.4.Annamacharya kirtanas are devotional songs in praise of Lord Venkateshwara.Which of the statements given above are correct?

A 1 and 3 only
B 2 and 4 only
C 1, 2 and 3
D 2, 3 and 4

Correct answer: (b) 2 and 4 only

Explanation

  1. A

    1 and 3 only

    (a) 1 and 3 only. Tyagaraja’s kritis praise Rama, not Krishna, and Annamacharya (15th century) was not Tyagaraja’s contemporary (1767–1847). Both statements 1 and 3 fail, so this is not the key.

  2. B

    2 and 4 only

    (b) 2 and 4 only. (b) Official key: Tyagaraja created new ragas. Annamacharya’s kirtanas praise Lord Venkateshwara. Statements 1 and 3 are false. 2 and 4 only is the stored key.

  3. C

    1, 2 and 3

    (c) 1, 2 and 3. Statement 2 is true, but 1 and 3 are not. This is not the key.

  4. D

    2, 3 and 4

    (d) 2, 3 and 4. Statement 3’s contemporaneity is wrong. This is not the key.

Summary. Official key is (b) 2 and 4 only. Tyagaraja is the Carnatic trinity composer of Rama bhakti who also shaped ragas. Annamacharya, centuries earlier, sang to Venkateshwara at Tirupati. Honour the stored letter (b).

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