Correct answer: (b) 2 and 3 only
Explanation
- A
1 and 2 only
(a) 1 and 2 only. Statement 1 is false: algae can be grown in inland ponds and photobioreactors, not only in the sea. Not the key.
- B
2 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only. High technical skill is needed to engineer production, and viable plants tend to be large, with ecological and social costs. Statement 1 is wrong. This is the official key.
- C
3 only
(c) 3 only. Scale and social-ecological concerns are real, but statement 2 is also a limitation. 3 only is incomplete.
- D
1, 2 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3. The seas-only claim is incorrect, so all three fails.
Summary. Official key is (b) 2 and 3 only. Algal biofuel is not confined to the ocean; raceway ponds and closed reactors work on land. Developing countries still face a high expertise barrier until facilities are built, and commercial scale can crowd land, water and coasts, raising ecological and social issues. Statement 1 is the trap. Third-generation biofuel is the neighbouring label for algal fuel.
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