Explanation
- A
1 and 2 only
1 and 2 only. Annex-I countries are a UNFCCC/Kyoto classification, not Cartagena (biosafety). CERs are Kyoto CDM credits, not Nagoya (ABS) instruments. Both 1 and 2 are mismatched.
- B
2 and 3 only
2 and 3 only. Clean Development Mechanism is Kyoto, so 3 is right, but CERs are not Nagoya. This pairing is not the key.
- C
3 only
3 only. Clean Development Mechanism is a Kyoto Protocol flexibility mechanism. Annex-I is UNFCCC, not Cartagena; Certified Emission Reductions are CDM units under Kyoto, not Nagoya. That stored letter is the official key.
- D
1, 2 and 3
All three. Pairs 1 and 2 are wrong, so all three cannot be the key.
Summary. Official key is (c) 3 only. CDM belongs to Kyoto. Annex-I is climate-convention language; CERs are Kyoto carbon credits, not Nagoya ABS papers. Honour the stored letter (c).
Same topic · past papers
UPSC has asked this before
These previous-year questions sit on the same topic. Open one to practise the earlier ask.
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2025 · Q38 · General Studies · 2 marks
Consider the following statements: I. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in India are less than 0.5 t CO2/ capita. II. In terms of CO2 emissions from fuel combustion, India ranks second in Asia-Pacific region. III. Electricity and heat producers are the largest source of CO2 emissions in India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? -
2019 · Q26 · General Studies · 2 marks
In the context of which one of the following are the terms 'pyrolysis and plasma gasification' mentioned? -
2019 · Q33 · General Studies · 2 marks
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