Tribe and nation state

8.2 Tribe and nation state—a comparative study of tribal communities in India and other countries.

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Definition

Tribes often became part of nation-states without their consent (esp. border/buffer zones).
Thinkers

Ernest Gellner — four steps of national identity: shared formal education; cultural homogenisation; language standardisation; anonymity among members that produces a feeling of sameness. Christophe Jaffrelot — two-step rise of Hindu nationalism: stigmatise an ‘other’ as a common enemy; then unify Hindus across caste, class and region.
Definition

Studies one culture deeply | Compares many cultures

Short notes for this Anthropology syllabus heading.