Short notes
Indigenous and exogenous processes of socio-cultural change in Indian society
Indigenous And Exogenous Processes Of Socio-Cultural Change In Indian Society
Definition
Indigenous and exogenous processes of socio-cultural change in Indian society
Example / case study
- Policies of China toward Uyghur Muslims.
- Innovation explains endogenous culture change; diffusion explains exogenous change.
Sanskritization
Definition
Claimed → even tribes are backward Hindus, included in caste.
Example / case study
- Lucia Michelutti (The Vernacularisation of Democracy, 2008) → Yadavs of UP link identity to Krishna descent.
- John Cort (Jains in the World, 2001) → Oswals consider themselves superior to other Jain castes (Shrimals, Porwals).
- Anuja Agrawal (Chaste Wives and Prostitute Sisters, 2008) → Bedia community narrates their Rajput origin despite prostitution as occupation.
- Badri Narayan (Fascinating Hindutva, 2009) → Pasi community of Bihar trace descent from Parashuram (pa+asi = grip + sword), reinterpret pig-rearing as heroic defense of women during Mughal invasions.
Westernization
Definition
Term by Prof. Shyamlal (field study in Rajasthan- 13 dists).
Thinkers
- Not only British impact – also Russia, China, global influences (e.g., Bhagat Singh inspired by socialism).
Modernization
Definition
Pioneer of village studies in India.
Thinkers
- Not only British impact – also Russia, China, global influences (e.g., Bhagat Singh inspired by socialism).
Inter-Play Of Little And Great Traditions
Definition
Inter-play of little and great traditions
Example / case study
- Policies of China toward Uyghur Muslims.
- Innovation explains endogenous culture change; diffusion explains exogenous change.
- Acculturation highlights power asymmetry, whereas transculturation highlights mutual creativity.
- Ethnocide is increasingly discussed in the context of human rights, indigenous studies, and globalization.
Panchayati Raj And Social Change
Definition
Panchayati Raj and social change
Thinkers
- Evans-Pritchard | Social Anthropology is part of Sociology; Ethnology classifies cultures
- Durkheim | Influenced Functional Anthropology
- S. C. Dube | Historical context in Indian Anthropology
- K. S. Singh | Tribal and historical studies
- Bronislaw Malinowski | Fieldwork; Cultural Anthropology
Media And Social Change
Definition
Anthropology cannot be understood without history.
Example / case study
- Policies of China toward Uyghur Muslims.
- Innovation explains endogenous culture change; diffusion explains exogenous change.
- Acculturation highlights power asymmetry, whereas transculturation highlights mutual creativity.
- Ethnocide is increasingly discussed in the context of human rights, indigenous studies, and globalization.
Thinkers
- Evans-Pritchard | Social Anthropology is part of Sociology; Ethnology classifies cultures
- Durkheim | Influenced Functional Anthropology
- S. C. Dube | Historical context in Indian Anthropology
- K. S. Singh | Tribal and historical studies
- Bronislaw Malinowski | Fieldwork; Cultural Anthropology