Q124 · UPPSC Prelims 2025 · Set A · General Studies

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Consider the following Election Reforms in India and arrange them in correct chronological order starting from earliest to the last.1.Voters photo identity card2.Electronic voting machine3.Voter verifiable paper audit trail4.NOTASelect the correct answer from the code given below:

A 2, 1, 3, 4
B 1, 2, 4, 3
C 1, 2, 3, 4.
D 2, 1, 4, 3

Correct answer: (a) 2, 1, 3, 4

Explanation

  1. A

    2, 1, 3, 4

    2, 1, 3, 4. EVM (first used 1982; general use 1990s–2004) → EPIC (1993)VVPATNOTA (2013).

  2. B

    1, 2, 4, 3

    1, 2, 4, 3. Puts EPIC before EVM.

  3. C

    1, 2, 3, 4.

    1, 2, 3, 4. Same EPIC-first error.

  4. D

    2, 1, 4, 3

    2, 1, 4, 3. Puts NOTA before VVPAT.

Summary. Official key is (a) 2, 1, 3, 4. EVM, photo ID, VVPAT, NOTA. Also note: EVM 1982 — Parur bye-election; nationwide later; EPIC 1993 — Photo identity card; VVPAT — Rolled out 2013–19; NOTA 2013 — Supreme Court; EVMs then.