Given below are two statements, one is labelled asAssertion (A) :and the other as Reason (R).Assertion (A):Article 352 of the Indian Constitution deals with the declaration of an emergency.Reason (R):An emergency may take place at any time.Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

1. A

   Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

   Option (a) claims both the assertion and reason are true while the reason is not the correct explanation. However, the reason is factually incorrect because emergencies cannot just take place at any random time without specific constitutional grounds. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

2. B

   (A) is false, but (R) is true.

   Option (b) claims that the assertion is false and the reason is true. The assertion is undeniably correct as Article 352 indeed deals with national emergency declarations. Hence, this option fails.

3. C

   Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

   Option (c) claims both statements are true with the reason being the correct explanation. Since the reason incorrectly generalizes that an emergency may take place at any time without mentioning war, external aggression, or armed rebellion, this option is wrong.

4. D

   (A) is true, but (R) is false.

   Option (d) claims that the assertion is true, but the reason is false. Article 352 of the Indian Constitution indeed provides for the proclamation of emergency, making the assertion true. However, the reason stating that an emergency may take place at any time is false because it can only be proclaimed under specific conditions such as war, external aggression, or armed rebellion.

Summary. Official key is (d) because the assertion regarding Article 352 is correct, but the reason is factually untenable. Article 352 explicitly governs the proclamation of a national emergency under specific exceptional circumstances like war, external aggression, or armed rebellion. An emergency cannot simply occur at any arbitrary time without these constitutional prerequisites. Therefore, the assertion stands correct while the reason remains false. This clearly validates option (d) as the correct choice.