With reference to E.V. Ramaswami Nayakar, which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?(1)He participated in the Non-Cooperation Movement.(2)He left the Congress in 1925.Select the correct answer from the code given below:

1. A

   Only 1

   Option (a) claims that only statement 1 is correct regarding E.V. Ramaswami Nayakar. However, this is incorrect because statement 2 is also factually accurate.

2. B

   Only 2

   Option (b) claims that only statement 2 is correct. This option is incorrect because statement 1 is equally valid as he actively participated in the Non-Cooperation Movement before ideological differences emerged.

3. C

   Both 1 and 2

   Option (c) states that both 1 and 2 are correct. E.V. Ramaswami Nayakar, also known as Periyar, actively participated in the Non-Cooperation Movement in the early 1920s and championed temperance and Khadi. Later, due to differences with Congress leadership regarding communal representation and social justice, he formally left the party in 1925, making both statements fully accurate.

4. D

   Neither 1 nor 2

   Option (d) claims that neither statement 1 nor statement 2 is correct. This is incorrect since both historical events regarding his early political association and subsequent exit from the Congress are well-documented.

Summary. Official key is (c) because both statements regarding E.V. Ramaswami Nayakar are historically accurate. He participated in the Non-Cooperation Movement and later parted ways with the Congress in 1925. Aspirants often confuse his early nationalist phase with his subsequent radical social reform movements like the Self-Respect Movement. Option (c) correctly validates both aspects of his early political journey.