Which of the following provision is a part of both Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties?

1. A

   Guardians to provide opportunity for education to children

   Option (a) claims that guardians providing educational opportunities for children is part of both DPSPs and Fundamental Duties. While Article 51A(k) makes this a Fundamental Duty added by the 86th Amendment, the corresponding DPSP under Article 45 originally covered children below six and was modified by the same amendment, making it distinct in scope from the initial constitutional scheme. Therefore, this option is not the official key.

2. B

   Protection of environment

   Option (b) states that protection of the environment is a provision found in both Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties. Article 48A explicitly directs the State to protect and improve the environment and safeguard forests and wildlife, constituting a vital DPSP. Simultaneously, Article 51A(g) imposes a corresponding fundamental duty on every citizen to protect and improve the natural environment, thereby making this dual placement the exact correct match and the official key.

3. C

   Participation of workers in management of industries

   Option (c) claims that participation of workers in the management of industries is shared by both parts of the Constitution. Article 43A was inserted as a DPSP to secure worker participation, but no equivalent provision exists under the Fundamental Duties in Article 51A. Hence, this option fails the criteria.

4. D

   Uniform Civil Code

   Option (d) asserts that a Uniform Civil Code is a part of both DPSPs and Fundamental Duties. Article 44 outlines the DPSP for a Uniform Civil Code across the territory of India, but the Fundamental Duties contain no mention of it whatsoever. Thus, this option is incorrect.

Summary. Official key is (b) because the protection of environment is enshrined under both the Directive Principles of State Policy and the Fundamental Duties. Article 48A mandates the State to protect the environment, whereas Article 51A(g) places a similar duty upon citizens. Other options either appear in only one of these constitutional segments or belong to entirely different articles. This dual mandate highlights the holistic ecological vision embedded in India's foundational laws. Candidates must carefully distinguish between state obligations and citizen responsibilities.