Explanation
- A
Only 1
Option (a) claims that only the first statement regarding the effects of economic development on population growth is correct. This option is incorrect because human resources play a bidirectional role in economic development as established in growth economics literature.
- B
Only 2
Option (b) claims that only the second statement regarding the effects of population growth on economic development is correct. This option is incorrect because economic development also significantly influences population dynamics and demographic transitions.
- C
Both 1 and 2
Option (c) claims that both statements regarding the reciprocal relationship between economic development and population growth are correct. This is the official key because human resource economics encompasses both how population change impacts economic progress and how economic growth alters demographic patterns.
- D
Neither 1 nor 2
Option (d) claims that neither statement is correct, denying any link between human resources and economic development. This option is incorrect because population size, quality, and growth are fundamentally intertwined with economic development.
Summary. Official key is (c) Both 1 and 2. The role of human resources in economic development is characterized by a complex two-way relationship. Economic development affects population growth through improved healthcare, education, and living standards. Conversely, population growth affects economic development by altering labor supply, consumption demand, and savings rates. Therefore, both given statements accurately describe the interdependent nature of population and economic progress.
Same topic · past papers
UPPSC has asked this before
These previous-year questions sit on the same topic. Open one to practise the earlier ask.
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