On 25 December 2022, which of the following countries extended mandatory military service by one year for males born after 1 January 2005?

1. A

   Myanmar

   Option (a) suggests that Myanmar was the country to extend its mandatory military service by one year for young males. However, Myanmar was not the nation that made this specific policy announcement on 25 December 2022. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

2. B

   Taiwan

   Option (b) states that Taiwan extended mandatory military service to one year for males born after 1 January 2005. Facing rising geopolitical tensions and security threats, Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-wen officially announced this crucial policy shift on 25 December 2022. Because this statement accurately reflects the geopolitical event and matches the official answer key, it is the correct choice.

3. C

   Sri Lanka

   Option (c) claims that Sri Lanka is the nation that modified its mandatory military service duration on that date. Sri Lanka was dealing with severe economic crises rather than enacting a major extension of conscription for young males. Thus, this option is incorrect.

4. D

   Afghanistan

   Option (d) points to Afghanistan as the country implementing this specific military service extension in late December 2022. Afghanistan under Taliban rule underwent entirely different military restructuring rather than this youth conscription policy. Consequently, this option is incorrect.

Summary. Official key is (b) Taiwan. On 25 December 2022, Taiwan announced the extension of its mandatory military service from four months to one year for all eligible males born from 2005 onward. This decision was driven by escalating regional security pressures and defensive strategy reviews. Other nations listed did not enact this specific conscription policy on that date. Therefore, option (b) is the correct choice.