In 1918, the United Provinces Kisan Sabha was formed by which of the following leaders?

1. A

   Baba Ramchandra

   Option (a) claims Baba Ramchandra formed the United Provinces Kisan Sabha in 1918. However, Baba Ramchandra was primarily associated with organizing peasants in Oudh later through the Awadh Kisan Sabha in 1920, rather than founding the United Provinces Kisan Sabha in 1918.

2. B

   Indra Narayan Dwivedi

   Option (b) states that Indra Narayan Dwivedi formed the United Provinces Kisan Sabha in 1918. This option correctly identifies the key, as Indra Narayan Dwivedi, along with Madan Mohan Malaviya and गौरी शंकर मिश्र (Gauri Shankar Mishra), played the pivotal role in establishing the United Provinces Kisan Sabha in February 1918.

3. C

   Swami Sahajanand

   Option (c) attributes the formation of the United Provinces Kisan Sabha in 1918 to Swami Sahajanand. Swami Sahajanand was a towering peasant leader, but his primary organizational base was in Bihar where he later founded the Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha and the All India Kisan Sabha.

4. D

   Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru

   Option (d) suggests that Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru founded the United Provinces Kisan Sabha in 1918. While Nehru closely interacted with the peasant movement in UP during the 1920s and 1930s, he was not the founder of this specific sabha in 1918.

Summary. Official key is (b) Indra Narayan Dwivedi. The United Provinces Kisan Sabha was established in February 1918 with the active efforts of leaders like Indra Narayan Dwivedi, Gauri Shankar Mishra, and Madan Mohan Malaviya. Aspirants frequently confuse this body with the later Awadh Kisan Sabha formed in 1920 by Baba Ramchandra. Recognizing the distinction between the 1918 provincial body and the 1920 Oudh-specific body is essential for UPPSC examinations. Therefore, only option (b) correctly names the historical founder among the given choices.