Which one of the following is NOT a 'Sustainable Development Goal' (SDG) target to be achieved by 2030?

1. A

   Space Research

   Option (a) claims that Space Research is one of the Sustainable Development Goals to be achieved by 2030. Space research is a scientific and technological endeavor pursued by nations, but it is not listed as a standalone goal among the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals. Therefore, this statement is factually incorrect regarding the SDG framework, making it the correct choice for the question asking for what is NOT an SDG target.

2. B

   Quality Education

   Option (b) claims that Quality Education is a Sustainable Development Goal to be achieved by 2030. This corresponds directly to SDG 4, which aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all. Hence, this is a valid SDG target and not the correct answer to a negative-form question.

3. C

   Gender Equality

   Option (c) claims that Gender Equality is a Sustainable Development Goal to be achieved by 2030. This corresponds directly to SDG 5, which focuses on achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls. Since it is indeed part of the 2030 Agenda, this option is incorrect for this question.

4. D

   Zero Hunger

   Option (d) claims that Zero Hunger is a Sustainable Development Goal to be achieved by 2030. This corresponds directly to SDG 2, which aims to end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture. Because it is an official SDG target, this option is ruled out.

Summary. Official key is (a) because Space Research is not one of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The 2030 Agenda comprises 17 comprehensive global goals addressing various socio-economic and environmental challenges. Quality Education, Gender Equality, and Zero Hunger are official targets numbered as SDG 4, SDG 5, and SDG 2 respectively. Candidates often confuse broad national scientific missions with global sustainability frameworks. Thus, option (a) correctly identifies the non-SDG target.