Given below are two statements, one is labelled asAssertion (A) :and the other as Reason (R):Assertion (A):Indian federalism is called 'Quasi- federal'.Reason (R):India has an independent judiciary with power of Judicial Review.Select the correct answer from the codes given below.

1. A

   Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

   Both statements are true, but an independent judiciary with judicial review is a feature of many federations and of unitary States with constitutional courts. It is not the reason India is called quasi-federal.

2. B

   Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

   Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). K.C. Wheare’s ‘quasi-federal’ label points to a strong Centre, single Constitution, single citizenship, Union override — not to judicial review as such. That is the official key.

3. C

   (A) is true but (R) is false

   (R) is not false: the Supreme Court is independent and exercises judicial review.

4. D

   (A) is false but (R) is true

   (A) is not false: Indian federalism is routinely called quasi-federal in Indian Polity texts.

Summary. Official key is (b). Quasi-federal describes the Union-heavy design; judicial review is true but a different chapter. Honour the stored letter (b).