Correct answer: (c) 1 and 2 both are correct
Explanation
- A
Only 1 is correct
Only 1 would drop the cerebellum’s role in posture and balance. The brain does regulate heartbeat through the medulla’s cardiac centres, but statement 2 is also correct, so ‘only 1’ is incomplete.
- B
Only 2 is correct
Only 2 would ignore autonomic control of the heart. Medullary cardiac and vasomotor centres change rate and force; the heart is not left solely to its own pacemaker without brain influence.
- C
1 and 2 both are correct
Both statements are correct. The medulla oblongata houses cardiac centres that regulate heartbeat, and the cerebellum (with vestibular input) is responsible for balancing the body. That is why (c) is the official key.
- D
Neither 1 nor 2 is correct
Neither 1 nor 2 would deny two standard NCERT-level functions of the human brain. Both limbs stand.
Summary. Official key is (c). The brain’s medulla regulates heartbeat via cardiac centres, while the cerebellum maintains equilibrium and posture. The item is a both-correct pair, not a single-function trap. Honour the stored letter (c).