Explanation
- A
Only 1
Statement 1 is correct: Akbar organised the mansabdari official nobility. Statement 2 is incorrect: a mansab was not hereditary as a rule; rank and office depended on imperial pleasure and could be revised. Hence only 1 — the official key.
- B
Both 1 and 2
Both cannot be correct because mansab was not a hereditary estate in the sense of statement 2.
- C
Only 2
Only 2 is the opposite of the doctrine: heredity is the false limb.
- D
Neither 1 nor 2
Statement 1 is true, so ‘neither’ is wrong.
Summary. Official key is (a) only 1. Mansabdari is Akbar’s ranked nobility; it was not hereditary. Zat and sawar could be changed by the emperor.
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