Correct answer: (c) Both 1 and 2
Explanation
- A
1 only
Statement 1 is correct: eutrophication is nutrient enrichment of a water body, typically by nitrogen and phosphorus. But statement 2 is also correct, so ‘1 only’ is incomplete.
- B
2 only
Statement 2 is correct: algal bloom and subsequent decay deplete dissolved oxygen (hypoxia). Statement 1 is also correct, so ‘2 only’ is wrong.
- C
Both 1 and 2
Both statements are correct. Nutrient enrichment (especially N and P) causes algal bloom; death and bacterial decay of the bloom consume dissolved oxygen and can create dead zones. That is why (c) is the official key.
- D
Neither 1 nor 2
Neither is false; both describe the same process, so (d) is wrong.
Summary. Official key is (c). Eutrophication is nutrient enrichment of water and it lowers dissolved oxygen after bloom and decay. Both 1 and 2 stand.