Who said "India is a Quasi Federal State"?

1. A

   Lord Bryce

   (a) Lord Bryce. Bryce wrote on modern democracies and American government. The textbook tag “quasi-federal” for India is not his.

2. B

   Ivor Jennings

   (b) Ivor Jennings. Jennings discussed cabinet government and the Indian Constitution’s flexibility. Quasi-federal is not the label he is remembered for here.

3. C

   H. J. Laski

   (c) H. J. Laski. Laski is the pluralist who said federalism is more an administrative convenience than a rigid legal form. That is a different sentence from “quasi-federal”.

4. D

   K. C. Wheare

   (d) K. C. Wheare. In Federal Government, Wheare called the Indian Union quasi-federal: a unitary state with subsidiary federal features, because the Centre can redraw States, apply Article 356, and hold a long Union List. (d) Official key.

Summary. Official key is (d). K. C. Wheare’s phrase “quasi-federal” is the stock comment on India’s strong Centre. Jennings, Laski and Bryce supply other constitutional quotations, not this one.