Correct answer: (b) Kerala
Explanation
- A
Bihar
(a) Bihar. Bihar had no Nipah outbreak in May–June 2018. Confusing it with encephalitis seasons in that state does not make it the key.
- B
Kerala
(b) Kerala. Nipah virus disease broke out in Kozhikode and Malappuram in May–June 2018, putting Kerala in the news. Fruit bats were the suspected reservoir. That stored state is the official key.
- C
Haryana
(c) Haryana. Haryana was not the 2018 Nipah theatre. It is not the key.
- D
Gujarat
(d) Gujarat. Gujarat had no Nipah cluster that summer. Do not mix it with other zoonoses.
Summary. Official key is (b) Kerala. The 2018 Nipah outbreak was in north Kerala, chiefly Kozhikode and Malappuram. Bihar, Haryana and Gujarat were not the notified states. The virus is a henipavirus; neighbouring names are Siliguri 2001 and Bangladesh border clusters. Isolation and contact tracing closed the Kerala chain.
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