Which of the following is measured by the Lorenz curve?

1. A

   Illiteracy

   (a) Illiteracy. Literacy is counted from census and education surveys, not from a Lorenz curve.

2. B

   Unemployment

   (b) Unemployment. Unemployment uses NSSO/PLFS rates, not Lorenz geometry.

3. C

   Population growth rate

   (c) Population growth rate. Growth rates come from vital statistics and census, not Lorenz.

4. D

   Inequality of Income

   (d) Inequality of Income. The Lorenz curve plots cumulative income share against cumulative population share; the Gini coefficient summarises the gap from equality. That stored measure is the official key.

Summary. Official key is (d) Inequality of Income. Lorenz is an income- (or wealth-) inequality graph. Illiteracy, unemployment and population growth use other tools. Neighbouring names are Gini, perfect-equality diagonal and Kuznets. Honour Lorenz for inequality.