Correct answer: (a) Socialist
Explanation
- A
Socialist
(a) Official key: This paper keys the classification of Directive Principles for convenient study as Socialist only. Among Socialist, Liberal-intellectualistic, Gandhian and All of the above, the stored class is Socialist. Honour that official slice.
- B
Liberal-intellectualistic
Liberal-intellectualistic DPSPs (uniform civil code, agriculture, environment, monuments, international peace) are a standard textbook bundle. They are not the keyed exclusive class.
- C
Gandhian
Gandhian DPSPs (village panchayats, cottage industry, prohibition, SC/ST care) are another standard bundle. They are not the official sole heading here.
- D
All of the above
All of the above is the usual complete answer: Socialist, Gandhian and liberal-intellectual. It is listed but is not this paper’s official key. Do not expand the stored letter to all three.
Summary. Official key is (a). Convenient classification of DPSPs is keyed as Socialist. Gandhian and liberal-intellectual lists exist in books; ‘all of the above’ is the common full tick. Keep Socialist. The official letter is (a).