Q12 · UPPSC current affairs · 14 September 2026 · PIB · Gujarat Action Plan Great Indian Bustard Conservation

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In conservation biology, what is meant by 'Minimum Viable Population' (MVP)?

A The maximum carrying capacity of a protected area before habitat degradation occurs.
B The smallest isolated population size required for a species to sustain itself without facing extinction from genetic drift.
C The baseline number of migratory species needed to qualify a wetland as a Ramsar site.
D The mandatory quota of captive-bred animals required for annual reintroduction programs.

Correct answer: (b) The smallest isolated population size required for a species to sustain itself without facing extinction from genetic drift.

Explanation

Statement B accurately defines MVP as the smallest isolated population required for a species to avoid extinction due to demographic and genetic stochasticity. The other options describe carrying capacity, Ramsar criteria, or captive breeding quotas.

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